№ 111(7), September, 2015
Public date: 30.09.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 117, 260 kb
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the studies on the effect of the processing of grape variety Saperavi with a growth regulator called Vimpel with water soluble and foliar fertilizers of new generation - Nutrivant plus and Kelik potassium silicon, both in pure form and in a tank mixture. Processing of bushes was performed three times: after flowering, growth phase of berries (berry of a pea), the beginning of ripening berries. We used Vimpel drug and foliar fertilizers such as Nutrivant plus and Kelik potassium-silicon, both in pure form and in conjunction with Vimpel; it led to a significant increase in weight of the bunch, bush crop and planting yields. The smallest yield increase was provided by Vimpel. However, the combined use of this drug on a background of Kelik silicon- potassium foliar fertilizer and Nutrivant plus led to a greater increase in yield from the bush than when used fertilizers only. Processing of bushes by Vimpel in combination with a foliar application of Kelik potassium-silicon not only led to a significant increase in crop yields from the bush and plantations, but in two cases of the three it contributed to a significant increase of the mass concentration of sugars in the juice of berries. Using Vimpel, together with Nutrivant plus foliar application for two years out of three promoted maximize yields (23.4 and 18.4%) with a decrease in sugar content, and in one year - an increase in the harvest of 10.4%, with a significant increase in mass sugar concentration (1.92 g / 100 cm3 or 9.2%). Thus, the processing of Saperavi grapes with a growth regulator called Vimpel and water soluble foliar fertilizers of new generation - Nutrivant plus and Kelik potassium and silicon is an effective method of increasing the yield and quality of Saperavi grapes
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the article we consider the influence of agricultural technologies of cultivation of winter crops on existence of various forms of heavy metals in an arable layer of earth in the conditions and their accumulation in grain production. The gross content of compounds of copper in an arable layer of black leached soil is above background values (maximum concentration limit 1,5-1,7), a share of the fixed connections makes 75 %. The gross content of zinc exceeds background value for chernozems (1,25 clark). The correlation of the water mode of the soil and the content of mobile compounds of heavy metals in an arable layer - a straight line for Cu and the return for Mn , Pb, Cd and Co. Supplement of an arable layer of earth with mobile forms of copper, zinc and cobalt low, manganese - corresponds to the average level. Speaking of the degree of actual mobility the studied elements settle down in sequence: Cd> Mn> Co> Pb> Zn> Cu. Degree of potential availability decreases among: Zn> Mn>Pb> Co> Cu. The existence of Mn, Cu, Zn and Co in grain of wheat is lower than maximum concentration limit, and accumulation of Pb and Cd is higher than maximum concentration limit in grain production for baby food for 10-15 %, that increases individual risk of death to the maximum permissible level
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QUALITY OF GRAPES AND WINE OF SAPERAVI DUE TO APPLICATION OF LIGNOHUMATES OF THE GRADE "В"
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThere was given the review of the results of the study in the conditions of the Anapa-Taman zone of the Krasnodar region of the influence of the treatment of vines of Saperavi of lignohumates of the grade "В" (“LG-B Bio”, “LG-B Best Bio”, “LG- Best L”) on the quality of must and wine materials. The technology of the grape cultivation on the experimental plot corresponded to the adopted technology which is used in the JSC "Pobeda" of Temryuk District and was widely accepted for the keeping of fruit-bearing plantations of the zone of uncovered viticulture. Agrobiological works were carried out at the optimum terms and were of high quality. Vines of the third- year of life, embodied by the scheme in 3,0 x 1,5 m. The forming is a one-sided Guyot with a height of the trunk in 60 cm. On bushes there was formed the same load shoots and clusters. There were carried out the treatments of grape leaf surfaces by the solutions of lignohumates twice: the 1st – before the flowering and the 2 nd in the beginning of the formation of berries (in 20 days after the first one). The spraying was carried out in the early morning hours. The accounting of the grape harvest and the sampling for the determination of the quality of must and wine materials (10 kg per each type) was conducted in September 20, 2012. The technological and physical-chemical analyses were carried out in the shop of mini winemaking and in the accredited testing laboratory of the grape processing of the scientific center of the winemaking SCSRIHGG of the RAAS. The preparations "LG-B Bio", "LG-B Super Bio" and "LG-B Best A" as grape growth regulators have the equal and stable effect
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Description
At the present stage of reforms in Russian regions centripetal processes have amplified. The formal centers of subjects of the Russian Federation became the main focuses of growth and development. These processes and conditions enhance differentiation and dependence of periphery from regional nuclei and centers. Keeping these conditions will intensify uneven development in the Russian regions in the future. Moreover major cities continue to accumulate negative effects on economic activities: environmental problems, social relationships, infrastructure congestion, traffic jams, etc. This model does not allow for sustainable polycentric development and, according to the researchers, limiting the further development of today's largest metropolitan area in the range of 50-60 years. Authors have tried to pay attention to necessity of overcoming of spatial polarization as a necessary condition of a sustainable development of regions. Based on the analysis of approaches to spatial development justified the need for a polycentric type of regional development on the basis of formation of sustainable development dots (ecoloci). The author proposes a concept and a definition of ecolocus as an open ecological and socioeconomic system, freely exchanged environmental, financial, material, human, informational, symbolic, and other kinds of resources with the environment, generating positive changes towards sustainable development and green economy
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DEVELOPMENT OF MICROFLORA IN APPLE ROOT RHIZOSPERE WHEN FERTILIZING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe problem of environmental safety of agricultural products and agro-technical measures is very urgent now. Various agrochemicals are widely used in agricultural production: plant protection preparations, fertilizers, stimulants and plant growth regulators, etc. One possible solution of this problem may be a partial replacement of mineral fertilizers by bacterial ones. The aim of our research was to determine the effect of different fertilizers and methods of their application on the quantity of microorganisms in the apple root rhizosphere soil. The research was carried out according to conventional methods. In our experiment, we determined the number of microorganisms in the rhizosphere of the roots of apple trees, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaves; hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium in soil and crop yield. The highest yield was obtained by fertigation in our research. Application bacterial fertilizer to the soil ensured yield increase at the level of mineral fertilizer application. Application of fertilizers in general, in the studied application rates provided optimum level of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the leaves and soil. By use of fertigation and bacterial fertilizers were high and relatively stable numbers of microorganisms in the rhizosphere of the apple trees. The number of microorganisms in the rhizosphere had a positive correlation with yield and the content of nutrients in soil and in leaves
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Description
The archetype question especially sharply rises in connection with studying of elite communities. As the base, or speaking informatics language, as the archetype carrier, various structures having various natures can act. One of such structures is the historical consciousness which represents set of ideas, the views, feelings, representations, moods reflecting perception and an assessment of the past in all its variety inherent and characteristic both for society in general and for various demographic, social and professional and ethnographic groups, and also certain people. Historical memory, in fact, is expression of process of the organization, preservation and reproduction of last experience of the people, the country, state for its possible use in activity of people and for return of its influence to the sphere of public consciousness. Thus, historical memory not only is staticized, but also selective and personified. Therefore the knowledge of possible ways of development is extremely important at turns of eras as at entry into the critical period all system is in unstable situation, and, therefore, micro history, along with the archetypes occurring in historical consciousness, historical and cultural memory can play the solving both positive, and negative roles
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ABOUT THE KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES
DescriptionOf the many urgent problems of Science about Science, we consider methods for estimation of the effectiveness and quality of the scientific activities of the researcher, of the organization, of the magazine. Performance indicators of scientific activity are used as an important part in the estimation of higher education institutions, the innovative capacity of enterprises, etc. To estimate the effectiveness of scientific activity is natural to use intellectual tools which are well-established in other subject areas. This will include, in particular, the balanced scorecard, based on key performance indicators (hence the title of this article), as well as controlling, primarily controlling of research activities. There are two more developed and widely used tools for estimation the effectiveness of the scientific activity - the scientometric indicators and the expert estimators. Their critical analysis is the subject of this article. Different versions of manipulating of values of scientometric indicators in the Russian Federation, in our estimation, are still relatively rare. Perhaps this is due to the relatively short period of their use in the management of science. Since an indicator such as citation index (the number of citations of publications) of researcher, allows estimating its contribution to science, the use of this scientometric indicator for the management of science is justified. At the same time, the number of publications and especially h-index is not possible to objectively estimate the effectiveness of research activities, particularly in view of the properties of the real bibliometric databases. Expert procedures have several disadvantages. In this article we discuss the real effectiveness of expert procedures in the areas of their application, as conferring academic degrees and elections to the National Academy of Sciences (primarily in the Russian Academy of Sciences). The basic principles of expertise in these areas remain the same for the past 70 years. Based on an analysis of practice it is necessary to ascertain the lack of efficacy of expert estimators in these areas. Rationale to what has been said is given in the article
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DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE NETWORKS: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS
DescriptionBoth the research of the theoretical aspects and the experience of formation and development of trade networks are now becoming increasingly important. Network trade is one of the fastest growing sectors of the economy in many countries. Economic globalization and liberalization of international trade predetermined active distribution network and rapid growth companies. The article considers the details of the processes of creation and development of trade networks in Western Europe and the USA, as well as experience in the development of multinational companies overseas consumer markets (mainly developing countries). The basic stages of development of a network of trade are identified and the characteristics of each stage are described in details. We have studied in detail the work of Russian and foreign scientists of different economic schools of thought on the problems of integration of the enterprises and the development of a network of trade. The authors conclude that the change in the conditions of doing business in today's environment requires additional research and theoretical studies on the problems of accelerated integration of enterprises and the development of international trade networks
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionNitrogen supply of soils is an important factor in the successful cultivation of agricultural crops. Nowadays, in the Central Black Earth region there are planted orchards with high density of trees, with installed systems of drip irrigation and fertigation. Such orchards are relatively new, particularly in this region. Fertigation ambiguous effects on soil structure and its content of nutrients, especially hydrolysable nitrogen. Therefore, the study of the distribution of hydrolysable nitrogen in the soil under the influence of fertigation and drip irrigation is important. The aim of our research was to investigate the distribution hydrolysable nitrogen in the root soil layers 0-20, 21-40, 41-60, 61-80 cm. Investigations were carried out according to conventional methods. In these layers of the soil, we have determined the content of hydrolysable nitrogen and yield. As a result, we have found that in variants with fertigation were the highest yield. In addition, with fertigation it was noted higher content of hydrolysable nitrogen in the soil as compared with the control without irrigation, especially in the deep layers 21-40; 41-60 and 61-80 cm. It was also noted increase of hydrolysable nitrogen in the soil along the periphery of the wetting
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USING EXAMPLES OF PAINTINGS IN TEACHING CYTOLOGY AS A DISCIPLINE
DescriptionIn our study we try to convey to students the importance of Cytology, as a discipline, with examples of paintings by various famous artists. Visualization of images is an integral part of the science of the cell. Our work focuses on such critical cytological processes such as the preparation of dyes for staining of chromosomes, polyploidy, mitosis and apoptosis. We used a series of works of the artist, D. Eltsevoy, in this regard, an important approach is to convey to students the idea about the optimality of the size of the organism at polyploidy. As the demonstration material on mitosis performs a series of pictures Julia Nudel. The paintings of this artist show the processes of cell division (mitosis) and death (apoptosis). The paintings of this artist show the processes of cell division (mitosis) and death (apoptosis). We have discussed the idea of creating illustrations in units of individual blocks of the course. The use of paintings as illustrations in the course Cytology" promotes the development of imagination, causes cognitive interest of students in the discipline. Using an image as a prop for visual perception of the subject area, paintings immerse the student into an "object" of study. The objective of our work was to conduct a search of the visual images on the example of artists ' canvas, to create an image database with explanations and interpretations. Thus, the use of paintings in the course "Cytology" as a figurative number, affects several processes: abstraction, classification, identification and creation of new, in-depth understanding of the processes occurring in the cell. This approach to the flow of the material through the paintings of painting will help you to understand the importance of particular issues that have given rise to entirely new way of thinking