№ 111(7), September, 2015
Public date: 30.09.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 117, 260 kb
-
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionThe article examines the historical aspect of the appearance of the concept of the photon, which was introduced through the works of Planck, Einstein, Compton, Lewis. It is noted that the photon has both corpuscular characteristics (momentum, mass, energy) and wave (frequency, wavelength), which are interconnected. Thus, the photon has dual properties – of a particle and a wave. The article deals with the analysis described in the literature of the photon model proposed by S.M. Polyakov and O.S. Polyakova, F.M. Konarevym-Krauzerom, V.G.Kozlovym and S.I. Chervyakov, as well as with their advantages and disadvantages. A version of the model in the form of a photon of two identical but oppositely charged halfmass, which simultaneously perform translational, rotational and vibrational motion was suggested. We have shown derivation of the amplitude of vibration of the two half-mass photon connected with simple relation with wavelength, described with this photon. On this basis, it is concluded that the state of a photon is characterized by a rotational movement of its oppositely charged half-stuff, which radius (r) is the amplitude of the oscillation process of each of the half-mass, and described by oppositely charged half-mass circumference length S in expanded form in a result of the progressive movement is the length wave l. This work displays the wave equation describing the motion of photons in the form of a standing wave which is a complete analog-independent Schrödinger equation for the motion of an electron in a hydrogen atom
-
Description
The article contains the schemes of forming theoretical models which illustrate the processes of ERICD’s (educational resources of innovative computer didactics) application in the professional work of educational specialists, as well as forming them on the basis of elaborated software components. We offer the three models which give to educational specialists the references for well-grounded choice of ERICD, for forming electronic learning resources according to the requirements of Federal Standard, for generating new types of resource
-
Description
In many areas - the economy, quality management, medicine, the ecology, in safety of flights and others - the problems of analysis, estimation and management of risks have much in common. Therefore, we consider it necessary to develop a general theory of risk. Approaches and methods of this theory will allow in the future solving problems of uniform risk management in specific subject areas. Based on the analysis of scientific publications and industry regulations it must be noted that private risk theories tend to become isolated within themselves, create their own internal standards and systems of regulations. Separately - for banking, separately - for safety, separately - for industrial accidents, etc. In order to construct a general theory of risk we analyze use of the term "risk" in various fields, consider the variety of types of risks, give the basic definitions in the field of analysis, estimation and management of risk. We discuss planetary risks (at Earth as a whole), global risks (at the level of one or more States), financial risks, commercial risks (risks at the level of the immediate environment of the company), and production (internal, operational) risks relating to the activities of individual enterprises (organizations), personal risks. Instruments of total risk theory allow us equally solve the basic problems of analysis, estimation and management of risk for all areas
-
Description
This article discusses various methods and techniques for updating scientific information at trips on art subjects. The pursuit of information consumption is a common characteristic of contemporary society. There is a limitless range of cultural and historical material from which art excursions draw their themes. In the meantime, if you measure the number of excursions with their well-planned structure, the art tours will certainly find themselves in a minority. On the margins of the tour scripts, we can sometimes find question marks left by customers. Art objects have their criteria, the specificity and peculiarities. To understand and to comprehend them on the scientifictheoretical level is an urgent task of art historians and critics themselves
-
THE MATHEMATICALLY BASED CHOISE OF VISCOELASTIC IN SHUNT GLAUCOMA SURGERY
DescriptionThe dramatic lowering of intraocular pressure (hypotony) is developing during glaucomatous surgery due to the formation of the new aqueous humor outflow. The calculations of the flow in the fluid balance parameters have shown, that for the normal intraocular pressure maintenance in the postoperative period the fluid flow out of the anterior chamber should not exceed 0,04 microliter in minute. The intensity of the aqueous humor outflow through the shunts with different parameters does not depend on the shunt length. The shunt with the inner hole radius 0,025 mm is the most safe as it provide the less outflow. The experimental comparative study of the static viscosity of the most widely used viscoelastics in ophthalmological surgery was carried out. It was stated that used in eye surgery viscoelastics on the basis of 1%, 2% and 3% sodium hyaluronate possess the viscosity, that differs in 10 and 100 times and has significant influence on the flow intensity out of the anterior chamber when the new outflow tracts are formed. The mathematically based choice of the most optimal relationship between the viscoelastics physical parameters and the inner hole size of the shunt type glaucoma drainage devices was established. Shunt with the inner hole radius 0,05 mm and simultaneous use of 2% and 3% sodium hyaluronate solution is the most safe for the maintenance of the eye tonus during the first 5 days after glaucoma surgery. The presented correlation allows to increase the safety of the surgical treatment of the patients with the refractory glaucoma
-
Description
The present study was carried out in the view of the fact that there is no more or less complete theory of time series prediction memory to date. This determines the urgency and necessity of the development of new mathematical methods and algorithms to detect possible potential predictability of the series with the memory and the construction of adequate predictive models. Classical methods of forecasting economic time series are based on the mathematical apparatus of econometrics. It is carried out basing on the assumption that the observations that make up the projected time series are independent, whereby to perform the necessary subordination of the normal law. The latter, however, is the exception rather than the rule for economic time series that have so-called long-term memory. Toolkit implementations of nonlinear dynamics were the new computer technology that made it possible to study complex phenomena and processes “on the display screen”. The proposed approach differs from the classical methods of forecasting by the implementation of a new accounting trends (evolution of centers and the size of a bounding box), and is a new tool (phase portraits) to identify the cyclical components of the considered time series
-
FOREST AMELIORATION OF SANDY SOILS OF TERSKO-KUMSKOYE INTERFLUVE PLAIN WITH PINE CULTURES
DescriptionThe article considers the regularities of the growth and development of the plantations of Crimean and Scotch pine on sandy soils of Tersko-Kumskoye interfluve plain, presents the classification of forest suitability, estimates the forest growing efficiency and prospects of the use of pine species when forest amelioration of soils, suggests the technologies for forestations arrangement. During the past century there had been grown over 60 hectares of pine cultures on sands of Tersko-Kumskoye interfluve plain under the strict conditions of transition zone dry steppe-semidesert. The Achikulakskaya NILOS VNIALMI (N. K. Lalymenko, V. I. Kabalaliyev, N. S. Zyuz) managed to plant about 60 hectares of Crimean pine and over 5 hectares of Scotch pine cultures in the 70-80-th of the last century, about 50 % of them are still growing. The study of the said forestations led to the following conclusions. On the thick sands (6-8 m) of Bazhigansky forest area the stable growth of Scotch pine continues up to 25-30 years, that of Crimean pine – up to 30-35 years. By the age of 40 the productivity of Crimean pine forestations (170-260 m3/ha) exceeds visibly the accumulated reserve of Scotch pine forest stand (60-100 m3/ha). The increment in height decreases sharply starting at the age of 15-20 years for Scotch pine and at 25-30 for Crimean pine plantations. On the clay sands with the level of low-mineralized ground water of 2,5-3,0 m and despite high fall the stable growth of Crimean pine continues up to 35-40 years and more. On the monophase sands of Tersky forest area the Crimean pine grows relatively slowly during the first 10-15 years though more evenly year by year. The thick lamellar deposits and monophase sands with the depth of sweet ground water of 3-5 m provide the best conditions for forest growing. The longevity of Scotch pine plantations of 50-55 years and that of Crimean pine of 60-65 years can be achieved by current planting technologies and effective conservation of the forestations on the thick sands, while on the medium thick clay sands it can be 60-65 and 70-75 correspondingly, and on the monophase sands on the sites with the additional life-long sweet ground water nutrition – over 80 years. The following measures should be the most effective when afforestation of highly overgrown sites – the many-year fallow and thorough cultivation of inter-rows of young cultures and their planting with coulisses and blocks. When planting of cultures on interfluve plain on lightly overgrown sands of low water capacity the planting of seedlings by combined aggregates type MPP-1 provides the best results. The ecological and economical effectiveness of forest amelioration of pastures forms of the costs of the woody and non-woody forestation resources, their soil-conservation, environment improvement and recreation functions. The effect of one hectare of pasture protective pine coulisses planted on lowdegraded pastures should be about 35 thousand rubles during 50 years (average longevity of forestations), when amelioration of highly overgrazed pastures it would be 130 thousand rubles per year. The main part (80-90 %) of the benefit takes the costs of the prevented loss caused by wind erosion
-
Description
The development of laboratory setup is connected with a necessity of designing and experimental investigation of equipment examples for innovative energy efficient system of agricultural enterprises off-line power supply on the basis of helio moduluses and is stipulated by needs of efficient heat electro supply of agricultural enterprises working in climatic regions with low and short-term solar activity. Operating regimes, matching and justification of necessary elements for the construction of the energy efficient helio system and the most efficient their arrangement are determined based on preliminary experiments. Geographical location of agricultural enterprise (the principal checkpoints should be insolation intencity and solstice angle typical for the region) and social-economic development level of the region should be taken into consideration at forming demands to the constructions and abilities of heat water supply helio modules. The necessity of investigations at laboratory setup with artificial heat sources, simulating solar heat, is explained by impossibility of experiments’ carrying out in the real nature conditions, notably because of weather inconstancy and climate in tote, because of impossibility of setups exact placement on ground location, because of helio collector’s modes of operation limitation by the range of solar activity only in the investigated region etc. The list of technological parameters and helio water heating process factors, which are measured and controlled during the experiments, is built into the designing of the setup. These parameters are based on the statistical data given by meteorological stations of late years. All that will ease the designing of manufacturing helio collectors and will allow to get more precise information, oriented to the maintenance of energy efficient equipment in different zones of researched region with highest possible usage of their potential. With a glance of foresaid, we have designed the laboratory setup for the experimental investigations of the module solar collectors’ elements
-
CROWD FUNDING AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF FINANCING OF THE RUSSIAN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
DescriptionIn the article, the results of the retrospective analysis of development of system of the higher education in Russia are considered. The reasons of searching the alternative sources of financing of higher education institutions, except the budgetary financing are established. The essence, the purposes and advantages of crowd funding and its standard legal support are formulated. On the example of ITMO University, the possibilities of its introduction are considered
-
Description
The topic is «The role of national intelligence in the incorporation of the North Caucasus in the Russian geopolitical space at the end of XIX century – the 1920s (by materials of Adyghe people)». The article is made in the framework of regional competition: «North Caucasus: tradition and modernity» 2014. – Krasnodar region. 14-11-23007 the type of project «A (P)» The topic is «The role of national intelligence in the incorporation of the North Caucasus in the Russian geopolitical space at the end of XIX century – the 1920s (by materials of Adyghe people)».Formation of the Soviet national local history through adyghe intelligentsia began in 20-ies. The active participation of the twentieth century intellectuals in the regional movement was caused and anxiety for the fate of cultural heritage and culture in general, and the changes in the conditions of work and life. Everywhere there were different forms of organization and scale of local history, which set themselves common objectives: a comprehensive study native land, to disseminate knowledge about the homeland of the people. The study region was closely connected with the identification, collection, accounting, protection and use of a variety of historical and cultural monuments. "Golden Age" of the national local lore came in the first post-revolutionary decade. During this period, the efforts of national intelligence unified both within the local history organizations and leading independent research has done a great organization, research served as the basis for further research activities. There was intense accumulation of sources, there were papers on various subjects of national history, attempts writing generalizing works, establish cooperation with the regional and central and local history research organizations