06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
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POSSIBILITIES OF USING GROWTH REGULATORS FOR FORMATION OF FRUIT PLANTS YIELD
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe researches were about availability of the appliance of some physiology active matters – aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and melafen for optimization of yield formation for orange and apple trees. Field researches were conducted in 2011-2012 in commercial orchards in the region of Gingin in the Western Australia (climate of the region – Mediterranean, the soil – sandy) and in 2015-2016 in apple orchards of the botanical garden of Kuban State Agrarian University (climate of the region - moderately continental), started in 2006. The article shows expediency of using inhibitor biosynthesis of ethylene of AVG at a concentration from 20 to 60 mg /l when the orange fruit size was 3.0 cm, and the growth regulator "Melaphen" (concentration 1˟10- 9 М) in the second half of the vegetation period of apple plants (for 45-50 days before harvest). The use of treatments in these terms reduces pre-harvest fruit drop and thus increase the economic productivity of fruit trees (apple in - up to 11%). It is noted that a variety of orange called Washington Navel is more responsive to the increased concentration of AVG, than the variety of Lane Late (optimal concentration of 60 and 20 mg / l, respectively). We have shown a wide spectrum of action of the treatment "Melaphen" on apple plants. Along with the retention of the fruit on the tree, it enhances the activity of plant growths in summer and some weakening concerning tabs flower buds as well as the displacement of their development. However, the use of melaphen in this period increases the efficiency of the formation of various parts of flowers and fertilization in the next season. With such results of the adjustment processes of vegetative growth and generative development of plants under the influence of physiologically active substances, it will ensure the formation of relatively high and regular yields of fruits
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COLLECTION SAMPLES OF SOFT WINTER WHEAT TOLERANT TO LEAF RUST AND POWDERY MILDEW
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionDiseases cause great damage to agriculture, reducing yields and decreasing its quality. The losses are up to 20-30% of potential crop yields. Different types of rust and powdery mildew cause significant damage to wheat. Thereby, the growing of varieties tolerant to these diseases is of great importance at present. It allows solving such problems as the improvement of stability of grain production (especially in the epiphytotic time), improvement of its quality and reduction of prime cost of the product. Cultivation of resistant varieties gives the opportunity to avoid a use of crop protection chemicals and thus, to improve environment. The researches were carried out in the laboratory of intensive soft winter wheat breeding and seed-growing of FSBSI ARRIGC after I.G. Kalinenko in 2013-2015. The crop was sown in a bare fallow. 275 samples of soft winter wheat from the world collection VIR, Turkey (CIMMYT), new varieties of domestic and foreign breeding, varieties and constant selection lines of own selection were the subjects of the study. Favorable for disease development weather conditions allowed evaluating collection samples according to the degree of infection with leaf rust and powdery mildew under natural conditions. According to a complex resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew we have distinguished the following samples: ‘Nakhodka’, ‘1226/98’, ‘662/99’, ‘1366/08’, ‘Patriarkh’ (Russia); ‘Shestopalivka’(Ukraine); ‘Simonida’ (Serbia); ‘MV 15-04’ (Hungary); ‘Rialto’ (England); ‘Menestrel’ (France); ‘№42 CIMMYT’ (US). Thus, our conducted study resulted in distinguishing the samples of soft winter wheat which are resistant to leaf rust and powdery mildew and are recommended to use as a source of resistance and tolerance to these pathogens. The samples with a combined resistance to both pathogens are of particular interest
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EFFICIENCY OF TETRA+ FEED ADDITIVE APPLICATION IN CHRONIC MYCOTOXICOSES OF PIGS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article describes the efficiency of a feed additive called "Tetra+" during chronic mycotoxicoses of pigs. The purpose of carrying out series of experiments on sows was to determine the therapeutic and prophylactic effectiveness of innovative feed additive "Tetra+" during combined chronic mycotoxicosis in pigs and to study the influence of feed additive on the growth, weight, preservation and overall resistance of sows. The results of the experiments revealed that a feed additive "Tetra+" has had a positive impact on large-fruited of pigs; it can also be concluded that the feed additive "Tetra+" has a positive effect on the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and has antitoxic properties
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThere was given a review of the results of the study in the conditions of sufficient moisture of Central Ciscaucasia, the influence of planting terms and presowing seed treatment by the drug called "TMTDplus", containing Krezatsin growth stimulator in its composition, on the development of corn hybrids of different maturity groups of the selection of Krasnodar Research Institute of Agriculture named after P.P. Lukyanenko (Ross 199, Ross 299, Krasnodar 382 and Krasnodar 410) and the All-Russian Research Institute of Corn (Mashuk 170, Newton, RIC 345 and Eric), as well as middle- maturity population Rossiyskaya 1. The studies were conducted in accordance with the thematic plan of scientific researches of the chair of crop and forage production of the Stavropol State Agrarian University. The soil surface of the experimental station of StavrGAU was presented as leached black soil. The technology of growing of maize on the experimental plot corresponds to the standard one for the present area and cultivar. The predecessor is winter wheat. Sowing was performed in three terms. The first (early) sowing term was carried out at t = + 7 ... +8 ° C. The second (recommended) - when t = + 10 ... + 12 ° C. The third (later) sowing time was carried out at t = +15 ° C. The plant density: early-maturing hybrids – 70 thousand pieces/ha, is mid-maturing ones – 60 thousand pieces/ha, middleripe – 50 thousand piece/ha, middle-later ones – 45 thousand pieces/ha. The scheme is single-row, with spacing of 70 cm. The application of the studied drug TMTD-plus helped to reduce the growing season of maize plants for one - four days. Thus, changing the sowing terms of maize hybrids and populations, we can largely control the development of plants changing the length of the growing season to two weeks and form a harvesting conveyor, thereby reducing the intensity of field work
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionProtected soil of Russia which has been stagnant for a long time began to expand actively and to modernize. The State Program of protected soil development for 2015-2016 promotes it, according to which every year it is planned to introduce 200 – 215 ha of modern industrial greenhouses. There was set the task of production of 1 mln. tons of greenhouse vegetables by the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia to 2020. Existing greenhouses of the IV generation of the type "Venlo" takes about 2.2 hectares in the country and are successfully used by producers of vegetables, obtaining in a year-round period 700 – 720 thousand tons of vitamin production. At present time the special attention of greenhouse owners is paid to greenhouses of the V generation of the system UltraClima, ModulAIR, in which we modernized the system of microclimate parameter management allowing to eliminate the critical periods of management by thermal isolation in the second part of May to the end of summer. The offered systems allow essentially economizing energy expenses, considerably to increase the profitability of vegetable production at the expense of management by growth’s processes and plant development. The innovation solutions in a greenhouse construction on the example of the first Russian greenhouse with the system UltraClima constructed in the Lipetsk region are discussed in this article. There was shown the characteristic of a new analogous development of Russian engineers having a number of advantages in comparison with UltraClima
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THE QUALITY OF THE MUSCULAR TISSUE OF YOUNG GEESE
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article presents the materials of research on studying of influence of various levels of crude fat in the complete feed (CF) for the young geese of Lindovskaya breed on chemical composition and organoleptic quality of goose meat. In the experimental groups we increased the concentration of crude fat in the start and finish of the CF to 7.4 % and 6,85 %, respectively. As the lipid supplement, we used sunflower oil. It is established that muscle tissue of geese, consuming finishing CF with sunflower oil, has a more pronounced taste, odour, tenderness and juiciness. We may highlight the tendency to increase the proportion of monounsaturated oleic acid, in the background of the decrease of specific weight of palmitic acid in the fat muscle 60 day goslings who received the start and finish of CFs with the addition of sunflower oil
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionStudies were conducted on pure-bred pigs CT and DM-1. An analysis of variance of economically useful signs and interior indicators pigs using dietary supplements "Vita selenium" and "Jerusalem artichoke"
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INFLUENCE OF DURATION OF THE FIRST LACTATION PERIOD OF SOWS ON REPRODUCTIVE QUALITY
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article contains research results on the influence of duration of the first lactation period of sows on reproductive qualities. The authors have detected basic problems which reduce indices reproduction of purebred pigs of the breed of Yorkshire and hybrids of F1 (Yorkshire x Landras) under conditions of a new complex. It was found that because of the increase in duration of lactation period of the sows it is impossible to increase the safety of the piglets with a reduced live mass (from big nests and slow in growth) and improve the reproductive quality of sows. This method has been used in the economy what led to a notable improvement in the indices of pig breeding
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SPRINKLING MACHINES APPLICATION EFFICIENCY STUDY
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article deals with the methods of efficient sprinklers choice for farms of concrete irrigation zones on the basis of multi-dimensional statistics methods use
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INFLUENCE OF SILYMARIN IN LIPOSOMAL FORM ON THE QUALITY OF BROILER MEAT
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the investigation of the influence of liposomal form of silymarin on the physicochemical parameters of the meat of the broiler chickens of the cross called Hubbard F15. The objects of the investigation were: pectoral muscle, the preparation called Liposil, which consists hepatoprotective agent of silymarin, extracted from milk thistle in the form of dry extract and soy phosphatidylcholine. Milk thistle is known as a source of bioflavonoids, and has long been used in folk medicine for diseases of the liver. High bioavailability of silymarin, due to the liposomal form, makes it possible to use it in lower doses in comparison with the form of an extract. The experiment of liposome silymarin used a dose of 40 mg / kg of feed discretely (5-7 th, 12-14 th, 19-21 th and 28-30 th day) and daily as a supplement to the basic diet during growth of broiler chickens of Hubbard F-15. We have established, that Liposil increased tryptophan content in the muscles and improved the protein-quality quotient. We have found decreased fat content and caloric value of pectoral muscle of experienced group chickens. The findings suggest that we have a positive effect of liposomal silymarin on nutritional and dietary value of meat