06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
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USING "SAREPTA" FEED CONCENTRATE FROM VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS IN COMPOUND FEEDS FOR STURGEONS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionModern commodity sturgeon breeding is one of the profitable and dynamically developing directions of fish farming in the Russian Federation. Only the system of Rosrybhoz has more than 40 enterprises of different ownership forms for the cultivation of sturgeons. In 2012, in agricultural farming of the Russian Federation we had grown more than 2.0 thousand tons of sturgeon. Crucial role to maintain normal functioning of the body of the fish when grown in closed recirculation systems plays complete and balanced nutrition. Proper organization of biologically full feeding of fish helps to maximize expression of their genetic potential. The article presents the results of the researches of the efficiency of using feed concentrate from vegetable raw materials called "Sarepta" in the composition of feed additives for 2-year old Russian sturgeons
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ROBOTIC MEANS IN PLANT GROWING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article considers tendencies of development of the agroindustrial complex based on intellectualization of technical means, development and implementation of robotic machines in different manufacturing operations. We have analyzed design features and practical application of robots with vision systems in crop production. We have identified the feasibility and effectiveness of the introduction of new physical methods of processing plants by means of robotic tools that will automate technological processes of processing plants. The article describes the analysis of the mobility of the model of robots developed in the WIM based on mathematical simulation at different operating conditions. To check the model, we present calculations of the dynamic behavior of the robot body at different driving modes. The study shows the graphs of movement parameters obtained from the results of simulation and dynamics of dispersal. The analysis identified the advantages of technological application of the robot on the example of gardening
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThis article presents the results of the use of feed concentrate from vegetable raw materials called "Sarepta" in the amount of 5, 7.5% and 10% by weight of the feed, instead of sunflower meal in the feeding of Russian sturgeons. Studies have been conducted among 3 year old Russian sturgeons in the conditions of PRIBOY company in the Bykovsky district of the Volgograd region. The experiment lasted 24 weeks. Replacing sunflower meal with a product of processing of oilseeds - feed concentrate Sarepta, made from vegetable raw materials, in the composition of feed for sturgeons had a positive effect on live weight, absolute, average daily and relative gains and costs of feed. The use of "Sarepta" feed concentrate, made from vegetable raw materials in the feeding of Russian sturgeon contributes to the increase of live weight of 3.1-6.0 per cent, an absolute increase of live weight by 5.07-9.82 percent, and average daily and relative body weight increase. It was also found, that we had a decrease in feed consumption during the period of experience in the experimental groups. Morphological and biochemical parameters in experimental fish in all groups were within the physiological norm, which indicates a normally occurring redox processes in the body
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article reviews four variants of laying nurseries of primary branches of seed production of long-grained rice varieties of the Kuban breeding taking into account their biological features, plots area ranges from 0,7 m2 to 1,1 m2 , seeding rate for one family – from 100 pcs./m 2 to 170 pcs./m2 . We have studied traits of long-grained rice varieties of the Kuban breeding - Ivushka, Avstral, Kurazh, affecting the yield and quality of seeds: yield, multiplication factor and fractional composition of seeds depending on laying multiplication nursery of first year progeny. The differences between varieties by the type of tillering, vigor, germination of seeds depending on planting system are shown. Optimal way for laying seed nurseries is found: for long-grained varieties with medium tillering (Kurazh type) – row length – 3,3 m and seeding rate – 120 caryopses/m2 ; for those with intensive tillering (Ivushka type) – row length – 3,8 m and seeding rate - 120 caryopses/m2 . This will allow using mechanical method of sowing using selective cassette seeding-machine in the primary seed production, reducing cost of seed production and increasing efficiency of labor, increasing volume of seed production of long-grained rice varieties in short terms and accelerating their implementation in the Kuban region for import substitution
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the article, we present results of the research of the influence of various processings of soil on accumulation of productive moisture in autumn and winter periods
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WAYS OF REDUCTION OF ADVERSE FEEDING EFFECT ON ANIMALS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe successful development of livestock requires maintaining and further increasing of the genetic potential, the basis for the manifestation of which is the adequite balanced feeding. Currently, one of the most urgent problems of livestock breeding is to find ways for reduction of the negative impact of various feeding factors on the animals. In industrial conditions, it is difficult to exclude various feed stresses, which lead to a decrease in productivity, survival rate and ill health of animals and poultry. The work summarizes the research in this direction, taking into account the achievements of domestic and foreign authors. A serious problem of feed producing companies and livestock farms is the grain and compound feed affection with fungi and their metabolic products - mycotoxins. Based on the results of the research of several authors, the ways of solving this problem were identified and recommendations on the reduction of the negative effect on the body were provided. It is noted, that one of the best and effective ways to reduce the negative effect of mycotoxins on the body is a method of administration of adsorbents in animal feed. But it should be taken into consideration that in order to maximize the protection against mycotoxins and minimize their harmful effects on the body of animals it is necessary to use preparations, which include adsorbents of organic and inorganic nature, as well as to comply with the dosage of their introduction into the diets of animals and poultry.The progressive forms of preparations of a new generation, solving problems of the negative impact of feeding factors, include probiotics, which contain some bacteria, immobilized on the solid particles, so that they inhabit the intestine faster. Modern biological complexes have immune correcting properties, increase non-specific resistance of the organism, normalize microbiocenosis of gastrointestinal tract, and stimulate the functional activity of the digestive system. Therefore, it is necessary to use feed additives with detoxification properties as part of animal compound feed, according to recommendations on their application in appropriate dosages
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the article there were given the results of researches for 20110–2012 obtained of many years stationary experience of the chair of general and irrigated land management of Kuban State Agrarian University on study of main soil treatment influence and doses of mineral fertilizers under soy beans on dynamics of moisture in soil and efficiency of its use by this cultivar. There was determined that from all studied variants the ploughing on 20–22 cm led to the higher accumulation of moisture for autumn-winter period. The decrease of productive moisture reserves on 6-9 % was observed on the types with surface treatment and direct sowing. The increase of soil treatment depth and doses of mineral fertilizers promoted to the better accessibility of moisture during vegetation period and correspondently to their greater expenses. Moreover, there was revealed the more rational use of water by soy beans under mouldboard soil treatment and introduction of mineral fertilizers in the dose of N90P120, it discovers the high effectiveness of present agricultural methods. The highest productivity of soy beans in the experience was achieved by means of ploughing on 20–22 cm and introduction of mineral fertilizers as a main type of soil treatment
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PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF BERRIES BY STRAWBERRY HYBRIDS OF NCRRIHV BREEDING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article presents the results of evaluation of 20 strawberry hybrids by breeding in the NCRRIHV on the traits of productivity and chemical composition of berries. The results of the grouping of studied hybrids at the number of berries per plant and average weight of berries were shown. We have also highlighted the best hybrids, that shows the maximum number of berries (pcs per plant) – 2-10-06 Firework × Honey, 5-2- 06 Primella × Marmolada and average weight of berries (g) - 5-1-12 Elsanta × Alba, 11-7-06 Molling Pandora × Marmolada, 7-1-12 Elsanta × Camarosa, 6-1-06 Vesnyanka × Primella, 2-4-12 Eros × Camarosa, 3-4- 12 Belrubi × Camarosa. It was found that the integrated combination of high productivity characteristic values (the number of berries per plant and average weight of berries) are not mentioned in any of the hybrid selections. Study of the traits of berries quality in strawberry hybrids showed that they contain from 6,3 to 11,4% soluble solids, from 4,8 to 8,6% sugar, from 0,62 to 1,30% acid, the sugar-acid ratio It varies from 4,0 to 8,8 relative units. Almost all the studied hybrids accumulate in the berries more vitamin C in comparison with the control variety Honey. According to the complex biochemical parameters highlighted hybrids 2-9-12 Eros × Camarosa, 2-4-12 Eros × Camarosa, 5- 3-12 Elsanta × Alba, 3-1-12 Belrubi × Camarosa
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the researches on the study of the different systems of basic treatment of soil under sunflower’s density, aggregate composition, supplies of productive moisture on regular black soil of the Krasnodar region
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionLimited resource of irrigation water in the South of Russia is a particularly actual task in the production of moisture-loving crops, such as rice. To solve the problem of rational use of water when watering is not possible without the organization of an automated water distribution. As it was shown by the analysis of tools and technologies of regulation of water supply, the most promising, form tested and used, can be tape regulators of flow and water level. They have a simple construction diagram, unpretentious in operation. However, we have identified a fault – unregulated leaking, not fully covered through the bore, which in turn increases the uncontrolled consumption of irrigation water. To solve this problem we propose a number of designs, protected by patents of the Russian Federation, having special fixture to ensure unauthorized leaks, even in a state almost close to the fully closed opening expiration from the regulator. The article comprehensively considers hydraulic studies of controller initially, without any additions that contribute to the problem of eliminating leakage. The proposed study with the analysis of the distribution of velocities and pressures in the design of belt regulator, will allow you to have the basic reference model against which it will be possible to analyze the degree of influence of constructive-technological changes at the work the newly developed devices. For this, we modeled tape controller in the software package FreeCАD version 0.15, when using SAE - system FlowVision. The task of modeling water flow were solved in flat statement, including the moment of full closing of the belt passage opening of the regulator. For plotting surfaces, lines, levels and cross-section response functions, we used a software package wxMaxima. The results obtained allowed a comprehensive analysis of the work tape of the locking device, hydraulically actuated device in all modes of the major factors and, in the future, will help to address the issue of studying the impact of introduced technological changes in the design of controllers