03.00.00 Biological sciences
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SPECIFICITY OF HEAVY METALS ACCUMULATION IN STEVIA REBAUDIANA
DescriptionThe analysis of the accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in the stevia raw material grown in different agroecological regions is carried out. The elements present in the soils always have a complex effect on the plant and at the same time enhance or weaken each other's action. Plants of stevia are able to regulate the flow of the heavy metals under study, assimilating organs accumulate the optimal number of elements necessary for their growth and development, regardless of the growing conditions
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Description
Rendzina soils are very widespread in the Caucasus. Because of their ecological and genetic characteristics Rendzina has significant buffering capacity to chemical pollution. The object of investigation was calcareous leached soil. Location selection - Azishskaya ridge on the border of the Republic of Adygea and the Krasnodar region. As pollutants, we have selected Zn, Cd, Mo, Se, since soil contamination with these elements in the south of Russia is not uncommon. Contamination of zinc, cadmium, molybdenum and selenium causes deterioration in the biological properties of calcareous soils of the Western Caucasus. We have investigated the toxicity of the elements formed following series due to their influence on Rendzina soils: Zn> Se> Cd> = Mo. The study attempted to analyze the entire range of concentrations of the examined elements in the soil, currently occurring in nature. In most cases, all the investigated substances registered direct correlation between the concentration of the pollutant in the soil and the degree of reduction of biological indicators. The activity of catalase and dehydrogenase cellulolytic ability, plenty of bacteria of the genus Azotobacter, length of roots of radish can be used to monitor, diagnose and regulation of chemical pollution of soil Zn, Cd, Mo, Se
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VARIETY OF MICROORGANISMS GROUPS LIVING ON BERRIES OF GRAPES
DescriptionThe wide variety of microorganisms has been identified in many wine-making countries on the berries of grapes. These are yeasts of different families, forms and kinds, bacterium, mold fungi. In the article, we present the results of investigating species composition of microflora of berries of white and red types of grape, which grows in different economies of the Krasnodar region and the republic of Abkhaziya. The sowings onto the elective media were conducted for the development of entire spectrum of yeast. The grown colonies after preliminary microscoping were separated into the cultures and subjected to testing according to the culturalmorphological signs, being guided by determinants and benefits. It was established the specific variety of microflora on the surface of the berries of grapes of all investigated types, without dependence on the place of their growth. Obtained data showed that the group of yeast, which constantly is present in the complex of the epiphytic microorganisms of grapes of Saccharomyces, Pichia, Hansenula, Hanseniaspora was characteristic for all types of grapes in all investigated regions. The heterogeneity of the taxonometric composition of microflora is shown. Prevailed yeasts were of family Saccharomycetaceae, form Saccharomyces vini. A quantity of yeast of Saccharomyces vini decreases in a number of Myskhako-Caucasus-Fanagoriya, that as a whole will be coordinated with the climatic conditions. Only the type of Pinot nuar grapes had yeasts of Brettanomyces Dekkera. On the berries of Cabernets and Karaburnu we have discovered yeasts of Schisosaccharomyces acidodevoratus, causing acid-reduction. On the berries of the grapes, which grew in joint stock company APF “Fanagoriya” we haven’t revealed the presence of lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus brevis and yeasts of the form of Schisosaccharomyces acidodevoratus. In the same farm the smallest quantity of yeastswreckers is noted, which we the forms of Pichia and Candida. In the microflora of Cabernets, Risling and, especially, Karaburnu grapes, we have found lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis. Lactobacillus plantarum. Among the bacteria the total quantity of coccic flora composes - 56 %, the rod-shaped - 44 %. Two types of active acetous bacteria are identified – Acetobacter aceti and Acetobacter xelinum. Especially high was their surface concentration on the berries of Kachich type of grapes
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Description
The article provides an overview of the phytosanitary condition of crops for 2011-2014 g in the Krasnodar region. In recent years, we can observe increasing of the crop losses from pests and diseases of plants. The using of different pesticides in intensive cultivation technologies of winter wheat can’t resist this. Pathogenic microorganisms acquire resistance to drugs used and become more aggressive. This creates a lot of environmental problems. Plants are almost always under environmental stress. However, it is impossible to refuse of pesticides. And they are not able to observe the immune system of the plant, and in some cases inhibit it. The present level of development of science has led to the emergence of new methods of plant protection, which is based on increasing of the capacity of the immune plants, rather than the destruction of pathogens, as in the case of the use of pesticides. We propose to apply so called "agrochemical cocktails"
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DIFFERENTIAL TREATMENT OF INCUBATING EGGS OF MEAT CHICKEN BREEDS
DescriptionDifferentiation of temperature influence on embryos at incubation of eggs shows positive results: the output of chickens is synchronized, duration of embryogenesis is reduced, deductibility of eggs raises, the young growth output increases
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Description
The article presents the results of a study of microbiological content of the soil after microbial protection of plants. Preparations were obtained by the technology developed by Ltd. "Kuban agrotehnoloogy". We have established the presence of bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum and fungus Trichoderma viride in the soil. Investigation of Trichoderma viride was made with using plant residues. It is proved that the use of microbiological preparations for plant protection have positive effect to improve the microbiological composition of soil. We have substantiated the example of the summary application of Azotobacter chroococcum and Trichoderma viride for plant protection. A number of provisions of the article have a scientific basis of view for the "food chain" microorgaisms. Trichoderma viride enzymatic hydrolysis products are good food source for Azotobacter chroococcum . Azotobacter chroococcum facilitates transfer of available nitrogen for plant nutrition. These microbiological preparatioты were recommended for seed treatment of plants during the growing season and crop residues after harvest. We used such culture media as Capek, Beijerinck and Ashby. Soil samples for research were selected by "Temizhbekskaya" Ltd in the Stavropol region. The study may be interested for agronomists, biotechnologists, mycologists, microbiologists
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Description
The study was performed to genotype some commercial wine yeast strains using the assay of Interdelta genomic sequences. Experimental parameters of PCR to identify were optimized and optimal simplified method of DNA extraction from dried preparations of yeast cultures was define. Proven method showed a high level of resolution and can be used for the analysis of genetic diversity wine yeast in combination with SSR-markers
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Description
Complicated compost with organic and mineral components, has a serious impact on the physical, chemical and biological properties of topsoil significantly modifies its cycles of elements and substances; with the Carboniferous and up to now it has been established the supremacy of the recovery processes in landscapes as compared to oxidation processes through the introduction of complicated compost in their stabilizing factors
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REGULARITIES OF THE SEASONAL DEVELOPMENT OF WOODY PLANTS AT INTRODUCTION IN ROSTOV-ON-DON
DescriptionThe article presents the average and optimal calendar dates of the main phenological phases exotic woody angiosperms in Rostov-on-Don. We assess the level of variability timing of individual phenological phases. The data obtained can be used to diagnose the prospects of exotic woody plants for the regional culture
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Description
The article presents the results of the studies of the processing effect of the growth regulator called Stimolante 66f (Stimolant) on cuttings of Moldova grape variety as well as on the regenerative properties, yield and quality of seedlings. We have tested three concentrations of the preparation - 0.001; 0.01 and 0.1% as compared with heteroauxin treatment (standard), and no treatment (control). The experiments have been conducted in the laboratory and in the field. In the lab experiment cuttings were rooted in the vessels with water, and in the field they were planted in open ground. Processing cuttings with heteroauxin led to a delay in blooming of the buds of 0.4 days, and with Stimolante - to acceleration of the process to 0.3-0.8 days. Processing cuttings with heteroauxin and with Stimolante at 0.01 and 0.1% had an inhibitory effect on the growth of shoots, which survived until the end of the experience. Using Stimolante at 0.01 and 0.1% resulted in a stimulation of rooting cuttings and increased the output by 3 or more roots. Heteroauxin stimulated rooting only in the initial period. More roots formed on cuttings processed by heteroauxin and Stimolante at the minimum concentration of the drug, i.e. 0.001%. In the open ground, the best results for the yield and the quality of the seedlings were obtained with concentration of 0.1% of Stimolante. Heteroauxin showed worse results than Stimolante in optimum concentrations like in the rooting of cuttings on the water as in the open ground