05.00.00 Technical science
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Description
The aim of the research was to develop a geographical information system (GIS) for monitoring soil fertility based on calibrated remote sensing data within Rostov region. The possibility of developing a geoinformation system for irrigated agrolandscapes monitoring based on modern computer geoinformation technologies for problems solving of reclaimed territories management in cooperation with other automated information technologies is considered. An example of selecting main degradation processes for the irrigated agrolandscape within Rostov region boundaries, the main possibilities of the system and the proposed directions for its development are presented. To develop a geoinformation monitoring system, the ArcGIS 10.4.1 for Desktop software package has been selected. Monitoring GIS includes remote sensing data obtained from the VEGA-Science satellite monitoring service. The technology for creating a geodatabase for degradation processes monitoring, necessary for rapid analysis of information and time-saving on collection, processing and calibration of data bulk is introduced. As a mapping principle, graduation of farm fields by intensity of land degradation processes was used. GIS monitoring includes multi-layer digital maps and data attribute tables characterizing the main indicators of soil fertility and crop seeding development. The use of GIS technologies with satellite data will significantly reduce the complexity of field survey data processing by data processing automation and is promising for developing computer monitoring systems for irrigated agro landscapes. Farm specialists are offered a convenient mechanism not only for data accumulation, but also for maintaining fields’ history with reference to the yield year. Analysis tools allow performing data spatial and logical queries, to run samples and reports
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DEVELOPMENT OF ECOLOGICALLY SAFE EXPRESS-METHOD FOR QUALITY EVALUATION OF SOYBEAN LECITHINS
DescriptionThe article presents data, on the basis of which we have concluded that the oil and phospholipids contained in soy lecithins, the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids differ significantly from oil and phospholipids contained in sunflower lecithins, with differences in the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids of oil and phospholipids contained in sunflower and soy lecithins, leads to differences in the content of resonating protons, and, consequently, the level of amplitude values of NMR signals of protons of the investigated lecithins. It is established that the values of the amplitudes of the NMR signals of protons of each of the four components of sunflower lecithins differ from the values of the amplitudes of the NMR signals of protons the component of soy lecithins, which confirms the differences in the composition and content of fatty acids lecithins studied. Considering quantitative characteristic of mass fraction of substances insoluble in acetone, i.e. phospholipids, is the sum of the amplitudes of the NMR signals of protons of the third (A3) and fourth (A4) component, was built the graphical dependence of the mass fraction of substances insoluble in acetone, from the value of (A3+A4)/ASIS, % which is described by the equation (correlation coefficient R2 =0,9911) of the following form: y=0,8177x +2.52. Based on these data, we have developed a rapid method of determining the mass fraction of substances insoluble in acetone, soy lecithin, eliminating the use of toxic organic solvents, is environmentally safe, which is protected by RF patent for the invention
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EFFECTIVE DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS TO COMBAT LANDSLIDES IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA
DescriptionThe article is devoted to the development of effective technical solutions for the design and construction of landslide protection works on the South of Russia, based on materials of scientific-research works. In this work we perform a scientific analysis of the efficiency of use of natural biopositive materials and products made of them for construction against landslide of the combined and biopositive constructions. The description of the technological processes of manufacture of flexible and gabion mattresses used for the installation of the main fixtures was presented. The results of the researches of technologies of construction of the main anchorages of anti-landslide facilities we given. Advanced technical solutions on construction of anchor devices in radical soil above horizontal fastening were received. We have made a justification of the efficiency of bio-positive technologies in the construction of facilities to protect against landslides. The article gives new constructive and technological decisions on construction of landslide protection works that are protected by patents and positive decisions on inventions and useful models. The technological conditions for the construction of buildings against landslide processes were shown
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Description
Technologies of fruits storing known at the present time, solving actual problems – slowing down biochemical processes, inhibiting ethylene synthesis, do not provide fully the preservation of quality of fruits due to not taking into consideration the peculiarities of microflora of fruits and microbiological processes, taking place during storage. Purpose of the research: investigation of influence of complex treatment of fruits with electromagnetic fields of extremely low frequency (ELF EMF) and the biopreparation “Vitaplan” on changing of losses of biologically active substances in the process of longterm storage. Objects of the research: apples of the Idared variety and pears of the Conference variety, regionalized in the Krasnodar region. Mass shares of the vitamin C and P-active substances were measured in the process of storing. ELF EMF treatment was conducted on an experimental installation. Fruits were exposed to the action of electromagnetic fields with specified parameters. Complex treatment of fruits (apples and pears) with ELF EMF and the biopreparation “Vitaplan” before dispatching for storage allows preserving the biologically active substances – the vitamin C and P-active substances – to the maximum degree. Synergetic effect, appearing due to the complex action of electromagnetic field and the bio-preparation, allows decreasing the processing time in the electromagnetic field
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DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL SYSTEM PREVENTING LEAKAGE OF PROTECTED INFORMATION USING KNOWLEDGE BASES
DescriptionThe article deals with the problem of increasing the efficiency of the control and prevention of leakage of confidential information circulating within the organization, and in cooperation with the information networks of general use through the development of intelligent system of pragmatic identification of confidential information. The main purpose of this system is to develop early detection, prevention and localization (minimization) of the risks associated with violation of the order of processing, storage and transmission of confidential information. The article presents an approach to the organization of the knowledge base of intelligent system of pragmatic identification of information of a confidential nature, using two models of knowledge representation. We have defined a subject field to meet the challenges of which the intelligent system was meant for. The article describes the ontological model of knowledge representation used for formal representation of domain concepts in the knowledge base. It presents an indicator of exactness of meaning reference to a concept of domain meaning. The article describes a confidence index for each rule from the rule base that characterizes the measure of the likelihood of a conclusion when a rule implemented. It presents a general structure of the rules base, conditions of execution of each rule of conclusion. To accelerate the work of intelligent system a parallel search for the rules in the knowledge base is to be applied. In conclusion, the algorithm of parallel search is described
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Description
The article discusses the development process for preparing an extract of lichens on the basis of use of low productivity of natural biogeocenosis using adaptive modular complex harvesting and processing of lichens for more effective use of them
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PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND FRACTIONAL COMPOSITION OF THE STAVROPOL OIL
DescriptionPhysical and chemical characteristics of the Stavropol oil are provided. The found value of density of 853,6 kg/m3 is low and shows that oil mainly contains light paraffin hydrocarbons. Distillation of test of oil is carried out on the device of rectification of ARN-2 oil to laboratories of the Tuapse oil refinery. On the basis of experimental data, the curve of oil ITK is constructed. The chromotographic analysis determined a mass fraction of C1-C6 hydrocarbons in a model of test of oil. The conclusion is drawn that according to GOST 31378-2009 regulations the sample of oil can be carried depending on a mass fraction of sulfur to the 2nd class ("sulphurous"); on density – to the 2nd type ("averages"); on content of chloride salts, waters, mechanical impurity – to the 1st group; on a mass fraction of hydrogen sulfide, marked - and etilmerkaptan in the amount – to the 1st type. The sample of oil is characterized by the low temperature of hardening (minus 15 °C)
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PLOUGHSHARE PLOW WITH ADDITIONAL DISK WORKING BODIES
DescriptionThe article is devoted to main processing of soil with the combined ploughshare plow. We have made a review of the existing patents of this technological operation in this article. The article presents most important results of modeling of new types of constructions, problems of traction resistance and quality of preparation of soil for sowing. The article has the investigation character that was provided by the analysis of ways and means of mechanization for main soil processing with the furrow inversion and excerpts from works of the leading scientists on the studied subject, there were cited the types of patents which provide the optimal soil processing, there were indicated their disadvantages and ways of decision of problems. There was determined the main tendency of working outs of soil-processing combined machines, the advancing of constructions of tilling aggregates to improve the qualitative indexes of their work. Also there was substantiated the form of disk, namely there was specified the causal- investigative communication of existence of cuts in a disk of the soil-cultivating tool in comparison with a continuous disk. There was described the principle and the process of work of operated combined ploughshare plow. In the result of the work there was obtained the construction of ploughshare plow with additional working bodies which consist of disks of set batteries for every panel of ploughshare plow. In conclusions there were observed the main results reached at present time
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FOOD AND BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE ADDITIVES FROM SECONDARY PLANT RESOURCE
DescriptionThe article analyzes technologies and production methods of food and biologically active additives from secondary plant resources developed in Russia and abroad. We have studied a classification of secondary resources resulting from the processing of vegetable raw materials. It is found, that the most interesting (in terms of macro and micronutrients) are secondary resources resulting from the processing of fruit, vegetables and grapes, in the manufacturing process of vegetable oil, flour and cereals industry. It is concluded that, despite a significant number of currently developed and implemented technologies, the development of relevant ones provides complex processing of vegetable raw materials, with the release of a wide range of food and dietary supplements, resulting in a number of physiologically and technologically functional properties
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Description
The article provides experimental data, which help to substantiate the effectiveness and feasibility of application of plant resources, produced by the rubbing of the pears in the production process of puree as raw material for the production of secondary food additive. For the first time, with the use of pulsed NMR it is established that processing of secondary resources of pears processing in UHF EMF influence on the redistribution of bound and free moisture, i.e., the maximum transition was for linked moisture to free moisture, noted in the processing of secondary resources in UHF EMF with the rate of heating (increase in temperature) 0,4 °С/s to a temperature of 60 °С. It is established that such processing of secondary resources of processing of pears allows to increase the average speed of the subsequent IR-drying and reduce the time IR drying in 2 times in comparison with IR-drying of control sample (without pretreatment in UHF EMF). Pre-treatment of secondary resources of processing of pears to UHF EMF for the identified modes allows for their subsequent IR-drying to reduce the loss of vitamin C, 23.9% and P-active substances – by 20.6% compared with the control sample. We have developed technological modes of production of food additives from secondary resources of processing of pears, providing maximum preservation in its composition of thermolabile biologically active substances – vitamin C and P-active substances. On the basis of these studies, there was developed a set of technical documentation, including TU 10.39.25-423- 040801346-2016 "Food additive. Pear Powder" and a technological instruction for the production of food additives