06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the soils of rice fields, eluvial gley processes develop, which are manifested in redistribution of silty particles along the profile, water-soluble humus, mobile compounds of iron and phosphorus. Most intensively, these processes are developed in meadowbog soils, confined to closed depressions of the plains plain. Meadow-black soils lying on elevated relief elements have more favorable physical, physicochemical and oxidation-reduction properties for cultivating rice and accompanying crops in crop rotation. The highest yield of rice is formed on high checks and higher at 12,4 c/ha than on low ones
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe study was carried out during 2010-2015 years in the All-Russian research Institute of Grain Crops named after I.G. Kalinenko (the laboratory of the cultivation technology of plowing crops), situated in the southern soil-climatic zone of the Rostov region, which is characterized with the unstable and insufficient humidity. The trials were conducted on the heavy loamy, calcareous chernozem obyknovenny (natural blacksoil). The object of the study was the grain sorghum variety ‘Zernogradskoe 53’, approved to use in the Rostov region. The agroclimatic conditions during the years significantly differed during the vegetation in the amount of precipitations (from 110.2 mm in 2010 to 200.2 mm in 2013) and in the temperature regime (from 2512.9 0С in 2010 to 2788.8 ºС in 2015), that allowed evaluating the grain sorghum productivity more objectively. The article gives the study results of the effect of the weather conditions on the duration of vegetation, productivity and grain quality (content of protein, oil, ash and fiber). The article showed the estimated interconnection among the sum of active temperatures, precipitations and hydrothermal coefficient during the sorghum vegetation with the principal economic-valuable traits of grain sorghum. The sum of active temperatures showed the greatest effect on the duration of the vegetation (r=0.89); the sum of precipitations during the vegetation had the greatest effect on the productivity (r=0.80). There was determined the strongest positive correlation of the sum of active temperatures with the content of protein in the grain sorghum kernels (r=0.80) and the average negative correlation with the content of oil (r=-0.69). The sums of active temperatures and precipitations, when the grain sorghum gives the largest productivity, were established
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INFLUENCE OF MICROFERTILIZERS ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF CORN
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionPositive effect of microelements on productivity and quality grain of corn on the leached black soil of the West Fore-Caucasus has been determined
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INFLUENCE OF MICROFERTILIZERS ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF SUGAR BEET ROOTS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionPositive effect of microelements on productivity and quality of sugar beet on the leached black soil of the West Fore-Caucasus region has been determined
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe data of the field experiment on the influence of the polycomponental fertilizer containing chelated complexes of copper, zinc, cobalt, pine forest, manganese, lithium on productivity and quality of winter wheat are provided in the article. The researches were carried out on the black leached light-humic light-loamy super-power soil of Northwest Ciscaucasia. It is established, that application of no-root fertilizers with chelated complexes in a phase of a spring bush-formation promotes the increase of productivity and quality of grain of winter wheat that is reached with effective use of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium from the soil by plants with no-root fertilizers with microcells
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionChin sativa grain yields on the black-earth soils in Rostov region are studied. Recommendations about applying of mineral fertilizers with symbiotic nitrogen fixation are given
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the technology of cultivation of sugar beet the significant role is allocated for system of fertilizer. The research problem included studying of influence of various norms and combinations of mineral fertilizers on productivity and quality of this culture. In 2012-14 the stationary field experiment with sugar beet of a grade of "Nero" on an experienced field of department of agrochemistry in educational economy "Kuban" was put and made. Studying of the nutritious mode of the soil is one of the most important questions of determination of effectiveness of fertilizers. Researches showed that the application of double doses of nitrogenous, phosphoric and potash fertilizers, and also the complete fertilizer in double and threefold dose on the chernozem lixivious, has essential positive impact on the maintenance of like elements of a mineral delivery, providing the favorable food mode during body height and cultural development. Fertilizers promoted more intensive intake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in plants of sugar beet. The maximal maintenance of these elements is observed in a phase of clamping of rows. In experience the good harvest of sugar beet was received. Average productivity made about 450 c he (the increase makes ot13,6% to 77,4%). The maximal productivity of root crops is received at importation of N80P80K80 and N120P120K120 also made 620,3 and 633,3 c/he. Our researches showed that sugar content of root crops by options of experience fluctuated from 14,0 to 18,7%. The best results are received in options with importation of N80P80K80 - in these options sugar content made 18,7%.Thus, optimum conditions for sugar beet are created at importation of the complete mineral fertilizer at the rate of N80P80K80
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article reviews the results of studying the influence of mineral fertilizers on the uvological, yielding and qualitative indices of the Merlot grape variety in the Anapo-Taman zone of the Krasnodar region. The technology of cultivation of grapes on the experimental plot was performed in accordance with the accepted for the given zone and culture. Agrobiological work was carried out at the optimal time and had a high quality of execution. Grape bushes were laid in a 3.0 x 2.0 m pattern. Formation - a two-shoulder horizontal cordon. On the bushes, there was formed the same load shoots and bunches. Scheme of experience: option 1 – no fertilizers (control); option 2 - superphosphate with a mixture of potassium salt (P90K90) from the autumn; option 3 – nitroammofoska (N120P120K120) from autumn; option 4 – ammonium nitrate (N60) in early spring. Analysis of the results of the studies on the study of biological features of growth, fruiting, yield and quality of Merlot grape varieties on the background of the use of mineral fertilizers shows their high efficiency in the conditions of the Anapo-Tamanskaya zone of the Krasnodar region and can be recommended for use in production conditions. Autumn application of nitroammofoski (N120P120K120) provides an increase in yield by 68.3%, increases the yield of mash from a hectare by 76.7% and the collection of sugar by 97.6%. Autumn application of phosphate-potassium fertilizers (P90K90) and early spring application of ammonium nitrate (N60) also contributed to an increase in yields by 33.3 and 40.6%, respectively. On the output of the wort, these options are equal, and for the collection of sugar phosphate-potassium fertilizers exceed ammonia nitrate
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INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON EFFICIENCY OF HYBRIDS OF SUNFLOWER
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionResults of researches on studying of various doses of mineral fertilizers on efficiency of hybrids of sunflower Vulcan, the Arena, the Brio and the Signal are given in article. Researches showed that depending on formation of biological mass of sunflower reserves of productive moisture decreased that was a major factor in productivity formation
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article is about the influence of various norms of fertilizers on efficiency of three various by origin and zone varieties of middle fibrous cotton in steppezone of East PreCaucasis. The purpose of the research is the optimization of mineral food of non- irrigated cotton