06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe research results of minimization of negative herbicide after-effect on winter wheat root system formation and damage by root rots are reviewed in this article
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThis article presents the results of the impact of "Gorlinka" mustard protein-containing feed concentrate in the feeding of broiler chicken of the cross of "Cobb-500" on their performance and nutrient digestibility of the feed. The studies were conducted in the conditions of Krasnodonskaya Poultry farm in the Ilovlinskiy district of the Volgograd region. Full or partial replacement of sunflower meal with "Gorlinka" mustard proteincontaining feed concentrate in the feed mixture for the experimental broiler chickens contributes to the increase of the coefficients of digestibility of nutrients compared to the birds in the control group. The use of "Gorlinka" mustard protein-containing feed concentrate in the composition of feed for broiler chickens has contributed to higher coefficients of digestibility of nutrients: dry matter – 0.51-1,37%, organic matter – 0.6-1,99 %, crude protein by 0.8- 2,24 %, crude fiber – 0,34-1,65 %; crude fat – 0.94- 2,29%, compared to the birds in the control group. Nitrogen balance was positive in all groups; the use of nitrogen from the accepted experimental broiler chickens was higher in the experimental groups than in the control by 2.89-of 7.93 %. The use of nitrogen from digested nitrogen was higher in the experimental groups in comparison with the analogues from the control group by 2.65-of 7.97 %. The use of calcium and phosphorus by poultry was also higher in the experimental groups
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the article there were analyzed the different approaches of Soviet and Russian authors to the assessment of soils regarding to agro-ecological factors. There was given the characteristic of natural-economic zones territorially entering the Azov-Kuban lowland by main soil-climatic indexes. There was considered the valuation of soils which determines their relative value and suitability on main factors of natural fertility or their groups, it serves as a criteria of unification of soils into agro-ecological groups. There were shown the main indexes and order of grouping of soils under unification of different soils into agro-ecological groups. There was calculated the “normative” productivity of main agricultural crops on natural-economic zones of Azov-Kuban lowland which defines the agro-productive value of soil. There were revealed the disadvantages of soil assessment method used in the course of state cadastre valuation of agricultural lands asserted by the order of the Ministry of Economic Development from 20.09.2010 № 445. There were cited the specific rates of cadastre cost (SRCC) of agricultural lands on municipal entities of Krasnodar region. There was given the assessment of obtained data regarding to natural-climatic factors of the region, there were made proposals on optimization of trends of further researches on claimed problem
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INFLUENCE OF THE LENGTH OF FRUIT VINES ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF MOLDOVA GRAPES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article presents the results of studying the effect of different lengths of fruit vines with the same load wintering buds of bushes on the yield and quality of Moldova grapes. It was found that the biological indicators of fruiting Moldova grapes improved by lengthening fruit vines, taking into account weather conditions. Shortening the vines increases germination and fruitfulness degree base buds and reserve buds. Productivity is increased by lengthening fruit vines. It is determined by the degree of fruitfulness buds of the vine, the development of floscules of wintering buds, bunch and berries weight, number of berries in bunches. The optimum is pruning vines to 10-12 buds. Harmonious taste, weight of bunches and berries, transportability factor fixed high yield of grapes standard (85,6-86,4%) with different length of fruit vines. The highest productivity of leaves makes pruning fruit vines to 10-12 buds. The strength of shoot growth and volume growth of bushes reduced at an elongation of the fruit vines. The more moderate growth of shoots observed at long (10-12 buds) pruning vines. There is no significant difference to the degree of maturation of shoots with different length vines. In order to increase the yield of Moldova grapes in the central zone of the Krasnodar region expedient cut fruit vines to 10-12 buds
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThis article presents the experimental material obtained from long-term stationary experiment of GNU "Severokubanskaya agricultural experimental station" in P.P. Lukyanenko Krasnodar Agricultural Research Institute. Stationary experience was founded in 1978. It had two ten-course crop rotations and combined graingrass tilled. The ordinary black soil, low-humic, heavy loamy in mechanical composition. The capacity of humus horizon is 113-116 cm with a total content of humus on the date of the experience beginning is 3.88%. Arable (0-30cm) layer was characterized by the following parameters: total nitrogen content - 0.22-0.24, mineral -10,0-10,5mg / kg of soil, total phosphorus-0,16- 0,19%, labile phosphorus - 12,2-12,9mg / kg soil total potassium -1,7-2,0%, exchange potassium- 386mg / kg soil. The degree of saturation of bases is 80-90%. The amount of absorbed bases is 30-40 m ekvg/ 100 g of soil. The reaction of the soil solution is weakly alkaline (PH water 8.0-8.2). The predecessor is winter wheat. General Agrotechnics is recommended for a given soil and climate of region. Solid mineral fertilizer were applied as mineral fertilizers in combination with organic fertilizer in the form of half-decomposed cattle manure. According to agro-climatic zonation the northern zone of the Krasnodar region, where the research was conducted, is related to the zone of insufficient watering with hydrothermal coefficient 0.7-0.9 with an annual rainfall of 350.5 to 899.8 mm. During the autumn and winter period, which determines the accumulation of water in the soil, from 150.3 to 426.8 mm of rain falls or 30,4-68,9% of the annual amount. During the vegetation of sugar beet from germination to harvest -112,0- 588,9mm of rain falls, with an average daily temperature of the air 16,5-20,000С, including the period of the greatest growth of roots and accumulation of sugar from 3.2 to 557.1 of rain falls with air temperature 19,5-28,800С. Hydrothermal index is 0,01-2,83. During the years of the research 19% of years have been characterized as unfavorable (hydrothermal index 0.67), 44% of years as moderate on moisture supply and temperature conditions (hydrothermal index 0.99) and 37% of years as favorable (hydrothermal index 1.05). The generalization of the research results obtained by us in the long-term stationary experiment, allowed us to estimate the impact of different standards and systems of fertilizer on the productivity of sugar beet and sugar content in the roots. On average, during the years of research, the root harvest under the influence of fertilizer amounted to 36,7-45,6 t / ha per unit area with the addition to the control variant, that isn’t manurable, amounted from 6.6 to 15.5 t / ha. The highest yield of root is 43,0-45,6 t / ha which was obtained with systems of fertilizer with complete mineral nutrition
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EFFECT OF FAT ADDITIVE ON THE PRODUCTIVITY
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe author has studied the efficiency of diets with kiselgura. Introduction of the kiselgura into the mixed fodder for chicken-broilers favors increasing of live weight by 4.8 % and average daily weight gain by 5.0%
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThis article presents the results of the research of soil cultivation practices and the herbicide treatment ef-fect on the weed content in maize grain crop grown in the stepp conditions of the Krasnodar region. It has been determined that tillering soil with the Wil-Rich disc harrow at 10-12 cm depth is less effective than fall ploughing with a top layer turning-over, chisel and disc tillering combined with summer herbicide treatment. The latter give the advantage of less weeds and higher grain yield
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INFLUENCE OF PROTECTIVE COATINGS ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ONION CROPS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe influence of protective coatings on changes in the biological characteristics of quality, germination, plant growth and development of the onion crop quantitative loss of garlic was investigated for the first time. The objects of research were winter garlic called Tien Shan and onion of Allan variety. Water solutions of polyvinyl alcohol PWS-5, paraffin coating Р, paraffin-cerezin composition PK-1 were studied as a protective coatings. Coating onions and chives before planting them in the ground delay germination, respectively at 1 and 2 weeks. Then, protective coatings act as growth stimulants. The greatest increase in green mass of garlic for 3 months (almost 2 times) compared to the control (uncoated) prepared using the hydrophobic coating РK-1. РK-1 increases the yield of garlic and onions in 1.5 times, and the seeds of onions in 1.3 times. It is recommended before planting onions to cover onions the PK-1 in order to prevent his fall germination and receive further large bulbs weighing 130-131 g. Carbohydrates, starch, vitamin C, and life-giving moisture garlic, it is best stored in a РK-1 coated serve after planting in soil more efficient power plant. As a result, such plant grows better, develops and gives higher yields
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INFLUENCE OF PROTECTIVE COATINGS UNDER DIFFERENT STORAGE CONDITIONS OF GARLIC BULBS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe influence of protective coatings on quantitative loss of garlic was investigated at its warm) and cold storage under various conditions of relative humidity. The following varieties of garlic people's selection were studied: winter varieties – Tian Shansky, Otradnensky; spring varieties – Sochinsky and Iglinsky Local. Paraffin-ceresin composition (PK-1) was first proposed as a protective hydrophobic coating of garlic bulbs and its combination was scientifically based (the main component is paraffin, plasticizer is Ceresin C-65 and surface-active supplement is a fraction of synthetic fatty acids). Physical and mechanical performance properties of PK-1: melting temperature 58 C; resistance at 20 C 1,0 МПа; volumetric shrinkage 15%; plasticity 0,5·10-4 1/МПа; water vapour permeability 6,5g/m2 per day.Waterproof properties of hydrophobic protective coatings (paraffin-ceresin PK-1, alloy of paraffin with beewax PК-4, paraffin without supplements P) were compared with hydrophilic water solution of polyvinyl alcohol PWS-5. According to the increase of the moisture-proof properties, the investigated coatings form the following series: P. PWS -5, PК-4, PК-1. The maximum efficiency of garlic storage under various temperature conditions and relative air humidity was achieved when using a protection film of PК-1. Compared with control (without coating) PК-1 reduced moisture loss in garlic bulbs for 3-13 times depending on the variety, and storage duration of winter garlic varieties increased for 2 times. Iglinsky Local is the most moisture resistant of all the investigated varieties, and Tian Shansky variety is less moisture resistant