08.00.00 Economic sciences
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OPTIMIZATION OF FEED RATIONS FOR FATTENING BULLS
DescriptionThe food supply has a great influence on the development of animal husbandry. It is its basis. Health of animals, quality and quantity of the made production are dependent not only on the amount of the prepared forages, but also to a greater extent on their quality and balance. The quality of the prepared forages has an impact on their consumption and digestibility. Therefore, the more qualitative the forages are, the higher the level of the productivity of animals is. High level of the organization of the balanced diets reduces costs of forages per unit of production by 1,5-2 times in comparison with unbalanced diets. This fact once again proves the importance and necessity of biologically full-fledged diet of feeding animals. The full-fledged diet should contain the optimal quantity of digestible protein, fodder units and other nutrients. Indeed, owing to full feeding, the productivity of animals increases and the body weight increases as well that, in turn, has a positive impact on the economic condition of the subject. However, rational use of forages requires determination of their quality and energetic and protein nutritiousness. To produce optimum diets in which all above-named criteria are considered, special programs for optimization of diets can be used that allow to provide animals with forages containing all the necessary nutrients at minimum expenses. These programs are based on the methods of linear programming, which lie in finding optimum plans for the problems with linear structure. For the solution of linear programming problems the simplex method is usually used which in a general view means that with the help of a complex of consecutive procedures the solution of a problem that meets an optimality condition is found. In this article, the problem of minimizing the cost of a diet for bulls will be solved with the use of the program named Optim V 2.0
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Description
A diet of a modern man affects the formation of a healthy lifestyle very highly. It supplies the body with the main and irreplaceable nutrients, mineral components and energy. The Russian Federation population surveys, which were carried out by government agencies of the country show us that there is a lack of many nutrients with high nutritional value. Russian market is gradually stuffed with food products which have high nutritional value. For the maintenance of health, active longevity, and for improving their performance, people must consume their organism with all the necessary nutrients. That's why achieving an optimal balance among the nutrients is one of the important question of vital activity. In this article, there were considered optimization approaches to human diet with considering different types of metabolism and maintain weight with using economic and mathematical methods. Also in this article you can find the calculated values of the daily values depending on your calorie eating plan, anthropometric parameters and energy expenditure. We obtained daily value of calories and distributed basic food components- carbohydrates, proteins and fats, and also we calculate the optimal diet for the results of each type of physique - ectomorph, endomorph and mesomorph
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Description
The care of the finance is the starting moment and a final result of the activity of any subject of managing. The organization with a reliable financial condition is a part of the locomotive, which accelerates market transformations, improving a national economy. In the article, we showed the analysis of theoretical and conceptual positions of financial stability of the organizations. It is revealed, that their accounting reporting used for an estimation of a financial condition, the beginnings and the terminations of the accounting period are made only for a moment, and creation of the income of the organization and its further distribution completely drop out of a field of vision. The article has a research character, expressed that in it the basic approaches to an estimation of financial stability of the organization on an example of Society with limited liability «Gumilovskoe» are considered and is revealed, that by different techniques the type of financial stability from unstable up to normal is inherent in it. With the purpose of improvement of financial stability of Society with limited liability «Gumilovskoe» optimization of its balance by a correcting of some articles of accounting balance based on recommended values of financial parameters according to the multifactorial model offered by A.V. Grachev is made. Economic feasibility of the given optimization is proved and the complex of actions on increase of financial stability of the organization is offered
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Description
The significance of humus content in soils of the Krasnodar region is decreased. Losses amount is 0,03- 0,05 % every year. The main means of preservation of soil fertility is the introduction of such organic fertilizers as manure. The availability of manure’s use has decreased significantly in connection with the reduction of livestock in agricultural organizations of the Krasnodar region. It causes the necessity of searching of other ways of replenishing of soil fertility. The challenge is to ensure a positive balance of organic matter in soil without application of manure. The reproduction of the soil fertility can be achieved at the expense of proper selection of agricultural cultivars in the crop rotation and provision of optimal structure of sown areas. The modeling of the structure of sown areas using the developed economic-mathematical model allows to determine the optimal composition and the areas of crops for maximum gross or net income with a positive balance of humus. It is proposed to use the general indicators of economic evaluation - gross or net income, increased (decreased) in the value added of (left) humus to assess the effectiveness of land use. The calculations were made on the example of the Ltd Company “Vorontsovskoe” of Dinskoy District, they may be adopted for any agricultural organization
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AGRICULTURAL WHOLESALE MARKET AS A FACTOR OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE IN-STITUTIONAL AREA OF THE REGION
DescriptionIn the article, the feasibility of wholesale food market in the region is stated, and the principles of its operation are presented. The calculation of a possible turnover in the wholesale market of the Republic of Adygea, and the scheme of its location in the city of Maikop are shown
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EXPERIENCE OF THE LIBERAL REFORMS OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN RUSSIA
DescriptionThe analysis of the transition of the agricultural sector of the Russian economy to the market has been made. We explored the conceptual approaches to the agricultural reform models at the end of the XX cen-tury
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Description
Quoted results of development and realization on practice of tools and mechanism of supplement training system, retraining and extension course for qualified personnel of enterprises and organizations focused on innovation- economy. The article may be useful for economists and other professionals interested in the formation and development of company and staff competencies
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Description
The results of development and practical realization of tools and mechanism of supplement of training system, retraining and extension course for qualified personnel of enterprises and organizations, focused on innovation economy are listed. The article may be useful for economists and other professionals, interested in the formation and development of company and staff competencies
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Description
The article deals with the essence of the financial results and the need for their operational accounting in economic activities by AIC agents. The authors studied the order of profit formation in agricultural organizations′ management accounting based on industry characteristics, industrial activity specificity, operating cycle duration and management personnel functions. The study proved the need for financial responsibility centers with a view to the most effective organization of business entity management: income centers, cost centers, profit centers. Business entities profit is characterized by its forms and types diversity. As a result of research the authors determined the main classification features according to which this category is considered with better understanding of its economic essence. The accounting financial results will be more objective in the case they timely and present the necessary information for analysis and making management solutions. The authors found that the restriction of income and expenses included in the profit from ordinary activities, determines the need of the development of the alternative accounting within the system of management accounting. The each participant of accounting and analysis provision of financial results formation has particular conditions which cannot be used in traditional accounting or for modern economics analysis. As a result, the authors have carried out an assessment of financial results of accounting with use of analytical procedures
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LEGAL ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS AND MOTIVATIONS IN THE MANAGEMENT BY ECONOMIC STRUCTURES
DescriptionIn the article, on the basis of theoretical generalization and studying the real practice, we have considered an interrelated problem of functioning of legal organizational management forms and modern motivation instruments of staff with the aim of labour capacity increase