03.00.00 Biological sciences
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Description
The article presents the results of a study of microbiological content of the soil after microbial protection of plants. Preparations were obtained by the technology developed by Ltd. "Kuban agrotehnoloogy". We have established the presence of bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum and fungus Trichoderma viride in the soil. Investigation of Trichoderma viride was made with using plant residues. It is proved that the use of microbiological preparations for plant protection have positive effect to improve the microbiological composition of soil. We have substantiated the example of the summary application of Azotobacter chroococcum and Trichoderma viride for plant protection. A number of provisions of the article have a scientific basis of view for the "food chain" microorgaisms. Trichoderma viride enzymatic hydrolysis products are good food source for Azotobacter chroococcum . Azotobacter chroococcum facilitates transfer of available nitrogen for plant nutrition. These microbiological preparatioты were recommended for seed treatment of plants during the growing season and crop residues after harvest. We used such culture media as Capek, Beijerinck and Ashby. Soil samples for research were selected by "Temizhbekskaya" Ltd in the Stavropol region. The study may be interested for agronomists, biotechnologists, mycologists, microbiologists
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SPECIFICITY OF HEAVY METALS ACCUMULATION IN STEVIA REBAUDIANA
DescriptionThe analysis of the accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in the stevia raw material grown in different agroecological regions is carried out. The elements present in the soils always have a complex effect on the plant and at the same time enhance or weaken each other's action. Plants of stevia are able to regulate the flow of the heavy metals under study, assimilating organs accumulate the optimal number of elements necessary for their growth and development, regardless of the growing conditions
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VARIETY OF MICROORGANISMS GROUPS LIVING ON BERRIES OF GRAPES
DescriptionThe wide variety of microorganisms has been identified in many wine-making countries on the berries of grapes. These are yeasts of different families, forms and kinds, bacterium, mold fungi. In the article, we present the results of investigating species composition of microflora of berries of white and red types of grape, which grows in different economies of the Krasnodar region and the republic of Abkhaziya. The sowings onto the elective media were conducted for the development of entire spectrum of yeast. The grown colonies after preliminary microscoping were separated into the cultures and subjected to testing according to the culturalmorphological signs, being guided by determinants and benefits. It was established the specific variety of microflora on the surface of the berries of grapes of all investigated types, without dependence on the place of their growth. Obtained data showed that the group of yeast, which constantly is present in the complex of the epiphytic microorganisms of grapes of Saccharomyces, Pichia, Hansenula, Hanseniaspora was characteristic for all types of grapes in all investigated regions. The heterogeneity of the taxonometric composition of microflora is shown. Prevailed yeasts were of family Saccharomycetaceae, form Saccharomyces vini. A quantity of yeast of Saccharomyces vini decreases in a number of Myskhako-Caucasus-Fanagoriya, that as a whole will be coordinated with the climatic conditions. Only the type of Pinot nuar grapes had yeasts of Brettanomyces Dekkera. On the berries of Cabernets and Karaburnu we have discovered yeasts of Schisosaccharomyces acidodevoratus, causing acid-reduction. On the berries of the grapes, which grew in joint stock company APF “Fanagoriya” we haven’t revealed the presence of lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus brevis and yeasts of the form of Schisosaccharomyces acidodevoratus. In the same farm the smallest quantity of yeastswreckers is noted, which we the forms of Pichia and Candida. In the microflora of Cabernets, Risling and, especially, Karaburnu grapes, we have found lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis. Lactobacillus plantarum. Among the bacteria the total quantity of coccic flora composes - 56 %, the rod-shaped - 44 %. Two types of active acetous bacteria are identified – Acetobacter aceti and Acetobacter xelinum. Especially high was their surface concentration on the berries of Kachich type of grapes
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Description
Rendzina soils are very widespread in the Caucasus. Because of their ecological and genetic characteristics Rendzina has significant buffering capacity to chemical pollution. The object of investigation was calcareous leached soil. Location selection - Azishskaya ridge on the border of the Republic of Adygea and the Krasnodar region. As pollutants, we have selected Zn, Cd, Mo, Se, since soil contamination with these elements in the south of Russia is not uncommon. Contamination of zinc, cadmium, molybdenum and selenium causes deterioration in the biological properties of calcareous soils of the Western Caucasus. We have investigated the toxicity of the elements formed following series due to their influence on Rendzina soils: Zn> Se> Cd> = Mo. The study attempted to analyze the entire range of concentrations of the examined elements in the soil, currently occurring in nature. In most cases, all the investigated substances registered direct correlation between the concentration of the pollutant in the soil and the degree of reduction of biological indicators. The activity of catalase and dehydrogenase cellulolytic ability, plenty of bacteria of the genus Azotobacter, length of roots of radish can be used to monitor, diagnose and regulation of chemical pollution of soil Zn, Cd, Mo, Se
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Description
In the article, we made an estimation of pine cultures’ (Pinus silvestris L.) sanitary condition in the Savalsky Forestry area of the Voronezh region. The obtained results show their considerable weakness, passing to the drying phase because of pine fungus
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RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF WATERMELON AND MELON COMPATIBILITY IN VARIOUS KINDS OF STOCKS
DescriptionA priority direction at the present stage of vegetable growing development is to obtain high-quality, environmentally friendly production on the basis of development and introduction of new technologies of cultivation. At the same time, it is compulsory to emphasize the importance of expanding the range of crops which can vary nutrition of population. Currently promising direction is search of new high-efficient and environmentally friendly methods of plant protection. Biological methods of effect on the plant body acquire great significance. One of such methods is using grafts. In a light of new changed conditions, the research on grafted plants was not conducted in our country
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HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT AND SPECIES DIVERSITY OF GARDENING SYSTEM IN VORONEZH
DescriptionThe article deals with the historical data about the stages of development of greening of Voronezh, as well as it gives an analysis of the modern species of deciduous trees in the greenery planting of the city
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Description
The results of long-term investigations of ecologicalphytocenotic peculiarities of short-root orchids under the conditions of the North-West Caucasus have been summarized. Together with the similarity in structure of this orchids’ living form, the author analyzes some differences in their assimilation of various places of growing
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BIO-DIAGNOSTICS OF RESISTANCE OF GREY FOREST SOILS OF ADYGEA TO POLLUTION WITH Zn, Cd, Mo, Se
DescriptionThe essential part of a soil cover of the Republic of Adygea is occupied by gray forest soils. Thus they still remain a little studied, including concerning their resistance to chemical pollution. Contamination of gray forest soils of Adygea with Zn, Cd, Mo, Se causes deterioration of their biological properties. In most cases, the degree of reduction of the values of biological indicators is directly dependent on the concentration of pollutant in the soil. According to the degree of toxicity to the biological properties of the investigated elements form the following sequence: Se > Zn > = Cd > Mo. Biological parameters investigated in research (activity of catalase and dehydrogenase, cellulolytic ability, abundance of bacteria of the genus Azotobacter, radish root length) may be used for purposes of monitoring, diagnosis and regulation of chemical pollution of gray forest soils Zn, Cd, Mo, Se
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Description
In this article, we discuss the results of the research of quality characteristics of Russian and foreign rice varieties. Possibility of using data in characterizing germplasm from collection is discussed