03.00.00 Biological sciences
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A VARIETY OF ASTERACEAE IN NATURAL COMMUNITIES OF THE YAKUT BOTANICAL GARDEN
DescriptionThe article provides information about the species diversity of the family of Asteraceae in the natural area of the Yakut botanical garden. We provide the information about the method and the area of the study, the description of the phytocenotic surrounding, taxonomic analysis, areal analysis, bio-morphological analysis (the variety of life forms) which was given by the K. Raunkier, rhythmological analysis, environmental analysis (by A.P. Schennikov), analysis of phytocoenotic
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INVESTIGATION OF TRACE ELEMENT COMPOSITION OF RAW STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERTONI MATERIALS
DescriptionThe article gives an analysis of the elemental composition in raw materials of stevia. Stevia plant is able to regulate the flow of heavy metals, allowing them, on the one hand, actively oppose the excessive intake of toxic elements and on the other hand, selectively cumulate essential elements. The contents of essential elements in plant raw materials do not exceed the acceptable standards regardless of the growing conditions
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APPROBATION OF MULTIPLEX SSRANALYSIS FOR DNA-FINGERPRINTS OF RICE VARIETIES
DescriptionResults of testing of multiplex sets SSR-markers for genotyping of rice varieties are presented in the article. Two sets of SSR-markers were formed: 1: RM1+ RM11+ RM70+RM122; 2: RM164+RM167+RM168. The optimal combination of DNA markers in the multiplex sets and PCR conditions allowed obtaining accurate, easily interpretable results when performing fragment analysis on automated genetic analyzer ABIprism3130. Using multiplex sets, genotyping was performed for several varieties of rice: domestic breeding and one variety – IR36 from the breeding of IRRI (Manila, Philippines). For all the studied varieties specific SSR-fingerprints were obtained. RM 168 marker showed in domestic varieties a low level of polymorphism - one allele of 97 bp. However, at the same time, the variety IR-36, showed a second type of allele 107 bp. In addition, the loci of RM1, RM11, RM167 and RM164 have unique alleles in this variety. It is consistent with significant genetic differences of these varieties and the rest of the varieties in studied sample. The proposed SSR multiplexes are promising for use in DNA certification of rice varieties and assessment of genetic diversity
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Description
In the article we present data of researches on bio productivity of forest plantations on sand-shell rock soils
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FENOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF TREES AND SHRUBS IN TOMSK
DescriptionThe analysis of phenological phenomena of 9 tree and shrub species and longevity of their vegetation activity was made in Tomsk (southeastern West Siberian Plain). Since 1969 until 2013 the start of the phenological phenomena in the trees and shrubs became to be earlier and the end did to be later. Trends of the start of birch juice moving and flowering is higher (–2.5–3.4 days/decade) than trends of leave appearance, yellowing and falling (+2.5–1.3 days/decade) in the trees and shrubs. Dates of the start of the phonological stages and the sums of accumulated positive temperatures high correlate between each other. The period of their general vegetation activity increased by 20 days and active vegetation activity did by 7 days
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THE APPLICATION OF EXOGENOUS ELICITORS IN AGRICULTURE
DescriptionIn recent years, there is an increasing in crop losses from pests and diseases of plants worldwide. The use of different pesticides in intensive cultivation technologies of winter wheat can not resist it. Pathogenic microorganisms acquire resistance to drugs used and become more aggressive. This creates a lot of environmental problems. Plants are almost always under environmental stress. In this state, they are immunodeficient. However, it is impossible to reject pesticides completely. But pesticides are not able to replace the immune system of the plant, and in some cases are suppressing it. The article provides an overview of commonly used exogenous elicitors. We discuss the most important results of the joint use of the composition of preparations of eliciting action which are furolan and methionine. The present level of development of science has led to the emergence of new methods of plant protection, which is based on increasing the capacity of the immune plants, rather than the destruction of pathogens, as in the case of the use of pesticides. The yield increase by the use of biogenic elicitors as immunizers from 10 to 30% depending on the year, the varieties of plants and especially on infectious pathogens. The elicitors are used for soil treatment, seed soaking and plants, spraying the plants during the vegetation
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Description
The author describes the dynamics of commercial catches and the forecasts of pikeperch catch in 2010- 2016 with an analysis of the causes that affect the state of stocks. The analysis of the effectiveness of the recommended pikeperch catch has been made taking into account the factors that affected the fishery. Researches were carried out to study the population structure, seasonal distribution, migrations and other characteristics of the pikeperch populations in the Azov limans. The obtained data made it possible to assess the state of the pikeperch stocks and give recommendations on their rational use. Based on the results of ichthyological studies, the pikeperch age, length and weight composition have been determined and its biological state has been studied. The preliminary forecast of the stocks and the recommended pikeperch catch in the Azov limans for 2018 is given. The forecast of the recommended pikeperch catch in the Azov limans for 2018 is based on the analysis of the stocks of commercial fish species for a number of years of observations, taking into account the total mortality rate under the influence of the fishery load (commercial mortality coefficient) and the amount of replenishment of commercial population with fish mature for the first time
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OCCURRENCE AND SPECIFIC FEATURES OF PATHOLOGICAL FORMS OF TRUNKS OF GREEN PLANTATIONS IN VORONEZH
DescriptionThe article presents data on the occurrence of pathological forms of trunk in hardwood species in suburban and green area of the city of Voronezh. Based on the studies, we have considered a pathological feature complemented and differentiated
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Description
The article presents materials on studying distribution and phytocenotic confinedness of relict steppe species of Astragalus angarensis. Astragalus angarensis is the endemic of the Angara region and Yakutia, it is a relict species. Three small isolated fragments express the area of species. The largest fragment was found in the Angara region; the smallest two fragments are occurred in the valley of the Lena river, in the southwest Yakutia near Olekminsk and in the central Yakutia, from Yakutsk to Bulgunnakhtaakh village. Ecological and geobotanical characteristics of habit area of Angara Astragalus is given; floristic content of community is studied. The described desertificated Krascheninnikovia, Psathyrostachys steppes and also Festuca, Agropyron, Koeleria and Artemisia communities with Astragulus angarensis confined to slope habitats, characterized by poor floristic content that gives evidence of low competitiveness of this species
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BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND COMMERCIAL STOCKS OF HUMPBACK WHITEFISH IN YAKUTIA WATERS
DescriptionHumpback whitefish - Coregonus lavaretus pidschian (Gmelin, 1788), is spread in Siberia, in the Kara, Laptev and East Siberian seas and in the lakes of the Arctic and Subarctic. Objective: To assess the status of fish in the waters of Yakutia, to make ecological forecasts and determine the possibility and prospect of economic use of whitefish, as a fish-breeding material in the present conditions. Methods: The analysis was carried out on the fresh material as described I.Pravdina (1966), taking into account the recommendations of Y. Reshetnikov (1980). Collection and processing of materials were carried out in 1969-2015 by standard methods. Results. Reaching sexual maturity at the sixth (in weight - the eighth and ninth) year of life, whitefish begin to move to the main breeding groundsin the early fall. Absolute fecundity of eggs 2500-140000. Spawning is common in late September-early October. The food spectrum usually consists of the following objects: chironomid larvae, plants, mollusks, fish eggs and copepods. By the nature of power - benthophage, but often becomes planktonic organisms. Conclusions. Important food fish, but its reserves significantly reducedunder the influence of anthropogenic factors in recent years. The catch of whitefish can be increased as a result of the development of aquaculture