03.00.00 Biological sciences
-
Description
The article presents the results of three years of researches conducted at the Department of Viticulture of Kuban State Agrarian University, to study the processes of shoots and rooting of the three-bud cuttings of grapes of Pervenets Magaracha, Podarok Magaracha and Cytrony Magaracha of the selection of Magarach Institute of Grape and Wine. The area of these varieties, which are inter-specific hybrids, in the Krasnodar region is more than 2 thousands hectares. The cuttings were rooted in sawdust in a greenhouse on a heated rack. It was found, that the regenerative capacity of cuttings was strongly dependent on the method of their storage prior to installation on the germination. The best results were obtained in the case when cuttings had been stored in the refrigerator before starting the experiment. The lowest impact of the way to store cuttings was on the percentage of cuttings with blossoming eyes, and the largest - the length of the shoots, the output of the cuttings with at least 3 of the roots, and the average number of roots developed on one cutting. Rooting of cuttings and their growth with three and more roots were different over the years for the varieties of Pervenets Magaracha and Cytrony Magaracha, in favor of one sort or another, but the average 3-year difference between varieties was not significant. On average, in two or three years, the maximum number of roots appeared in the variety of Cytrony Magaracha, which was a bit ahead of Pervenets Magaracha. The difference in the number of cuttings formed at the roots was authentic. Correlation analysis showed that the closest relationship to the performance of the rooting ability of cuttings was found in the length of the shoots. The level and the nature of the identified correlations suggests that the rooting ability of the cuttings of the varieties of Pervenets Magaracha was determined primarily by hormonal activity, Podarok Magaracha by its supply of plastic substances, and Cytrony Magaracha had equally both factors
-
STATE OF THE RIGHT BANK OF THE CHELBAS RIVER IN CHELBASSKAYA VILLAGE IN THE KRASNODAR REGION
DescriptionThe river Chelbas – is the steppe river passing through all Chelbasskaya village of the Kanevsky area. Selting of small rivers leads to rise in level of ground waters and bogging of flood plains which become unsuitable for any use. Harmful influence can conduce coming in a reservoir of a large number of suspensions. Suspensions increase water turbidity, reduce depth of penetration of sunshine, i.e. reduce a layer in which there is a photosynthesis that conducts to decrease of primary production of a waterway and deficiency of oxygen. The increase in ground rainfall can lead to change of fauna of a benthos, a silting of spawning areas, death from suffocation of have already spawned caviar of fishes. Research of the right river bank of Chelbas in the territory of stanitsa Chelbasskaya included studying of qualitative structure of wood, shrubby and grassy vegetation of a coastal strip, visual assessment of its state and definition of the general projective covering. In the lower current of these rivers the mineralization raises to 3-5 g/l. It speaks, apparently, by that the water containing alluvial deposits in the top parts of valleys have higher filtrational properties better are washed out, than on surrounding watersheds and slopes, and also down valleys. Works on bank protection will improve a condition of a right-bank strip of river Chelbas
-
BARLEY LEAF RUST (PUCCINIA HORDEI OTTH. PATHOGEN) IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS: SPREAD AND RASE COMPOSITION
DescriptionThe spread of barley dwarf rust pathogen has been studied in five agro-climatic zones of North Caucasus in 2012-2013. The race composition of the North Caucasian pathogen population was identified
-
SOIL DEGRADATION AND THE ROLE OF FOREST BELTS IN LAND MELIORATION
DescriptionSoil degradation (erodere – eat away, lat.) - a process when pieces of rocks and soil are separated from their initial location. Then transferred and deposited in some new place. The factors of erosion are water, wind, landslides, rock particles and etc. Erosion is the process of destruction and demolition of the soil cover (or parent rocks) by flows of water or wind which causes depletion of fertile top soil layer. The destruction of this layer occurs quickly, and for its restoration thousand years are required. Reduction of soil fertility is one of the main problems that are associated with its pollution. Erosion is a natural process that occurs very slowly ever since the Earth was formed (about 45-50 billion years ago). Realistically, mountains, valleys, plains and deltas on the Earth's surface have been created by water and wind erosion as a result of their joint action over a long period of time. Geological erosion was acted at a slow pace for hundreds of years. When humans appeared it occurred to be an invasion of species which could transform their natural environment. An artificial type of erosion, which acts much faster than the natural erosion, was formed because of human
-
THE ADAPTABILITY OF VARIETIES OF WEIGELA (WEIGELA THUNB., CAPRIFOLIACEAE) IN THE CITY OF KRASNODAR
DescriptionThe success of the introduction of plants depends on their vitality and adaptation to new existence conditions. Different adaptability of plants depends not only on the species, but also on their individual properties. The article studies the characteristics of adaptation of the perspective ornamental shrubs - Weigela, Caprifoliaceae. We have shown the variety’s morphological features, the growth and development of varieties of Weigela that have been taken during the research in the experimental Garden Center (NСRRIH&V). There is an estimation of growth rate and its dependence on the structure of different varieties of Weigela’s crown. We have examined the features of the formation of leaves: we have defined the indicators such as the number, length and leaf area; biomass, dry weight; productivity of leaves. We have estimated Weigela leaves photosynthetic activity in the introduction’s region. We have determined the number of photosynthetic pigments in the studied cultivars of Weigela’s leaves. We have found out that Weigela’s leaves pigments’ synthesis largely depends on their natural color, quality and the vegetation phase. These studies allow us to conclude that all the studied varieties of Weigela can be characterized by a high degree of adaptation and deserve widespread in Krasnodar gardens and parks due to the high decorative flowering period
-
EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF WHEAT MALT GROWN USING ELECTRO-ACTIVATED WATER SOLUTIONS
DescriptionThe present review highlights possibility of obtaining wheat malt by using electro-activated water solutions obtained by electrolysis
-
Description
Sunflower is one of the most important oilseed crops, which are of great economic importance in Russia and in the world. It is very adaptive crop in terms of climatic conditions range, for that reason it is cultivated on a vast territory of the Russian Federation in various weather conditions. Sunflower oil has high nutritional and taste qualities, it is used numerously in food and is applied in various fields of food industry. The biologically active linoleic acid, phosphatides and fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K, which are of great nutritional value to humans, are contained in the oil. According to its calorific capacity, sunflower oil is on the first place among vegetable oils. Due to biological characteristics of sunflower, the Krasnodar region is the most favorable region of the Russian Federation for obtaining high and stable yields of this crop. However, here the drought is observed during the summer period and it affects adversely the productivity and quality of sunflower seeds. The increasing of resistance to unfavorable weather conditions is possible only based on detailed study of physiological features of productivity formation and seeds quality that is highly important task in view of the current geopolitical situation in Russia. One way of solving this issue is the appliance of the growth regulators, possessing anti-stress activity that improve the quality of sowing seeds and increase the productivity and plant resistance to stressful environmental factors. These drugs include growth regulator called Furolan, which was created in KubGTU and is certified for use in Russia. It is not toxic and is used in nano-dozes, there is no its residual quantities in the products and environment. Furolan has a positive effect on physiological and biochemical processes, improves the productivity of plants, their resistance to unfavorable growing conditions by increasing the resistance to dehydration as well as to the risk of fungal diseases
-
SOIL DEGRADATION AND THE ROLE OF FOREST BELTS IN LAND MELIORATION
DescriptionSoil degradation (erodere – eat away, lat.) - a process in which result pieces of rocks and soil are separated from of their initial location. Is then transferred and deposited in some new place. The factors of erosion are water, wind, landslides, rock particles and etc. Erosion is the process of destruction and demolition of the soil cover (or parent rocks) flows of water or wind what causes depletion of fertile top soil layer. The destruction of this layer occurs quickly, and for its restoration required the millennium. Reduction of soil fertility is one of the main problems that are associated with its pollution. Erosion is a natural process that occurs very slowly ever since as the Earth was formed (about 45-50 billion years ago). Realistically, mountains, valleys, plains and deltas on Earth's surface have been created by water and wind erosion as a result of their joint action over a long period of time. Geological erosion was acted at a slow pace for hundreds of years. With the emergence of the human occurred of invasion species which could transform their natural environment. Artificial type of erosion, which acts much faster than the natural erosion, was formed with the appearance human
-
REACTION OF APPLE-TREE VARIETIES AND STOCKS ON CHANGE OF pH OF SOIL
DescriptionThe researches are devoted to the determination of physiological parameters of grafted apple-trees joining with the level of their resistance to the change of soil рН. The experiments were carried out in the conditions of lysimetric experience with the soils use characterizing by different value of рН. The scheme of experience included the following variants of soil medium reaction: neutral (рН 7,3), typical for black soils of plain part of the region (control); weak-acid (рН 6,2) existing in soils of foothill zone of the region (grey and brown forest); strong-acid (5.1) typical for brown forest soils; weak-alkaline(рН 8.3) occurring in black soils of south and sod-carbonate soils, strong-alkaline ( рН 8.8) typical for maternal types of many black soils. There were studied the varieties of apple-trees Prima, Florina and Renet Simirenko grafted on stocks M9 and MM106 and as well as corresponding the non-grafted stocks. The reaction of grafted apple-trees on change of рН of soil is specific and depends on adaptive possibilities of grafting components: varieties and stocks. At the stock M9 we can see the active growth of shoots and roots in the meaning of pH values from 5,1 (strong-acid reaction) to 7,3 (neutral). Plants MM106 prefer neutral (pH 7,3) and weak-alkaline (pH 8,3) soils. Independently from stocks for the variety Florina the most favorable weak-acid soils and the variety Prima – mainly neutral. The variety Renet Simirenko possesses enough high and stable functional activity in the conditions of wide range of the medium reaction: from very acid to alkaline one
-
Description
The article discusses the features of the accumulation of essential oil in the collection samples of Oregano studied in the foothill zone of the Crimea. The range of variability of the mass fraction of essential oil of Origanum vulgare (from trace amounts to 0.53% of the bone dry weight). We have revealed that the greatest amount of essential oil accumulates in the inflorescences during the flowering phase