06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
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BEST AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY AS AN ELEMENT OF ECOLOGICAL MODERNIZATION OF PIG-BREEDING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article analyzes the main factors of the negative impact of pig farms on the environment, for the characteristics of which are used criteria such as emissions of ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide, dust, loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in manure output, feed consumption and water consumption, economic evaluation, capital costs of reducing emissions, operational cost. The technical level, resource and energy consumption in the production of pork have been analyzed in a comparative perspective. The necessity of implementation of best available techniques in order to ensure environmentally oriented production growth has been provided. The importance of the development of technology selection algorithm and clarification the basic criteria for the selection has been emphasized. Also, there was detected the role of technical regulation for the prevention of excess pollution. The necessity of a comprehensive approach was proven for the implementation of NDT in the framework of environmental and industrial policies. Implementing NDT will provide the ecological modernization of pig production, which is confirmed by the experience of European countries, successfully implementing the concept of NDT from the 70s of the twentieth century. At the same time, not only economic measures should be used (exemption from pollution charges, grants and subsidies), but also the administrative tools (based on a valuation of NDT, integrated permits). Daylight technological regulation will provide "green" economic growth and will contribute to solving social and economic problems. Implementation of the project is not possible without the exchange of information, the definition of time and economic characteristics of the implementation of NDT, comparative analysis and classification technologies to NDT. In 2017, it has already been planned to publish the NDT reference "Intensive breeding of pigs,” while the implementation of best available technologies will become the basis of ecological modernization of the industry. The inclusion of the author to the technical working group on development of the handbook "Intensive breeding of pigs" allows to participate on-line in the discussion of topical issues
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THE ACCUMULATION OF 90SR IN CHERRYPLUM DEPENDING ON THE DEPTH OF ITS DISPOSITION IN THE SOIL
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionWith the possible radioactive contamination of the territory, as a result of emergency situations at enterprises of the nuclear fuel cycle, there occurs a task of further use of the soil for agricultural purposes. Researches on the cultivation on contaminated areas of fruit plants in the conditions of the Krasnodar region were not carried out. As a result of the experiment in the field we received experimental material on migration and 90Sr accumulation in vegetative and generative organs of cherry-plum. Research lasted for 8 years. The accumulation of 90Sr, placed on the surface of the soil, in the bark, wood, leaves, and fruit was 7,0×102 ; 4,8×102 ; 9,7×102 and 1.8 ×102Bq/kg. With the penetration of 90Sr in soil at 50 cm accumulation in the bark, wood, leaves, and fruit were: 5,1×102 ; 3,0×102 ; 6,9×102 ; 1,4×102Bq/kg. The experimental material obtained in the field makes it possible to calculate the coefficients of the nuclide transition from polluted soil to the various organs of the studied plant and to make a forecast of the possible use of contaminated areas for the cultivation of fruit crops. Radioactive contaminated areas cannot be left without proper control, since, firstly, non-planted fields are exposed to wind and water erosion of soils, which leads to rapid and large-scale pollution of the environment and, secondly, if it is possible to obtain products from such fields, this should be done for economic reasons
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THE LEGACY OF THE CREATORS OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article shows the role of famous scientists, academician Ivan T. Trubilin and professor Viktor V. Eroshkin in the organization of agricultural science in our region who have shown outstanding leaders of the largest agricultural University in the country, managed to organize and direct the work of a large group on the improvement of quality of preparation of specialists of agriculture, the solution of urgent scientific problems of the agroindustrial complex development. Under the leadership of the rector Ivan Trubilin, the science in the Kuban State Agrarian University (KubSAU ) has risen to a new level. The research was conducted on the plan of scientific-research work of University, Federal and regional scientific and technical programs. In their implementation, there were involved professors, teachers, researchers, doctoral students, post-graduate students. His scientific works and research on the development of scientific problems to improve economic efficiency and organizational forms of agricultural production are being continued and developed by the scientists of KubSAU. For many years, V. Eroshkin as a brilliant scientist worked together with academician I. Trubilin like his companion and the assistant in science. He has published more than 100 scientific works. The most important ones were: "Economic efficiency of oilseeds cultivation ", "Oilseeds in virgin areas", "Сalculation of crops acreage on the bases of perspective plan for the development of collective farms", "Principles of labor scientific organization", "Intensive tractors use and lowering work technical cost in collective farms". Under his leadership, dozens of dissertations were approved. His lectures were always marked with originality and accessibility and his ideas were easily perceived by students. All who knew and worked together with academician I. Trubilin and professor V. Eroshkin, will always remain these dedicated scientists, who were strictly following the principles of academic science
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThis article reviews hybrid analysis data on monogenic and digenic patterns of quantitative traits: plant height, panicle length and total number of spikelets
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INHERITANCE OF WEIGHT OF 1000 SEEDS AT HYBRIDS F1 OF WINTER BARLEY IN DIALLEL CROSSINGS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe results of the analysis of inheritance of a sign «weight of 1000 seeds» in F1 winter barley are resulted in this article. Examples of various types of inheritance at double-row, correct six-row and wrong (tetrahedral) hybrids are resulted
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INHERITANCE OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS FROM INTERSPECIFIC TOMATO F1 HYBRIDS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe detailed morphological description of interspecific tomato F1 hybrids is represented in the article. The positive heterosis in regard to sire component was noticed in accordance with the following characteristics: fruit size, leaf size and stem length. It was established that the inclusion of tomato of Lycopersicon cheesmanii typicus genus into selection enables the obtaining of new species at the expense of increasing the range of genetic variability
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INHERITANCE OF THE MAIN EAR PRODUCTIVITY AMONG INTERVARIETY WINTER SOFT WHEAT HYBRIDS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe heterosis and inheritance coefficient research results among the first and the second generation hybrids which have been got from the linear and synthetic varieties of winter soft crossing are discussed in this article
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn this work we examine the type of inheritance, number and force of the genes participating in determination of a quantitative attributes of length, width of grain, weight of 1000 grains at hybrids from crossing of the Iranian variety of rice Ambarbu with varieties of Virazh and Boyarin. It is established, that distinctions between samples of length of grain made 3 pairs of genes, of width of grain – 1 pair genes, of weight of 1000 grains – 2-3 pairs genes
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe results of long-term population-genetic studies in wheat pathogen system “wheat – dangerous disease pathogens” associated with the study of the structure, variability, forecast of plant pathogen development and the host plant genetic diversity are introduced. It is shown that it is necessary to develop polymorphic genetic disease resistance of plant populations to rehabilitate the agroecosystem phytosanitary state, which is possible only on the basis of broad genetic diversity of source material, taking into account the intraspecific differentiation of pathogens and tendencies of the changes
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SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TOBACCO SEEDS GROWING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionNicotiana tabacum and rustica are facultative self-pollinated plants, therefore, because of pollination peculiarities, specific methods are applicable to growing seeds of this plants. Researches on mass, individual and family, recurrent methods of seeds selection for productivity and sowing properties are carried in the institute for revealing most efficient methods of getting seeds. Seeds growing system for Nicotiana tabacum and rustica is a part of general seeds growing system for all agricultural plants and consists of breeding, testing new sorts, mass reproduction of seeds with retained biological and productivity properties, seeds harvesting and controlling their sort and sowing properties. Primary growing of nicotiana tabacum and rustica seeds is carried by individual and family or recurrent selection and further testing of chosen plants, distinctive for this sort, on economically valuable and biological properties. Peculiarities of each zoned sort are kept by retaining its primary genome with constant selection of highly productive genotypes, specific for this sort. Well-organized seed growing system leads to sort potential revealing. Biotype composition of sort is obviously changing in a few years, so primary seeds growing system should be constantly improved