Kuban State Agrarian University
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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Description
Fruits are an important part of the diet of humans and many animals. In case of an improperly organized process of storing of fruits, the loss of mass and decrease of quality can be substantial. This makes relevant the research, aimed at enhancing existing and developing new technologies of fruits storing. In this article, the results of the investigation of influence of complex treatment of fruits with electromagnetic fields of extremely low frequency (EMF ELF) and а biopreparation on the change of microbial contamination of their surface and on the loss of mass in the process of long-term storage are revealed. Apples of the Idared variety and pears of the Conference variety were the objects of research. The change of microbial contamination of the surface of fruits, undergone a few types of pre-treatment (EMP ELF, bio-preparation “Vitaplan”, complex treatment “EMP ELF + the biopreparation” and no special treatment), after storing during 7 months in case of pears and 8 months in case of apples is shown in the article. It was found, that the greatest decrease of content of microorganisms on the fruits’ surface is achieved as a result of the complex treatment, combining the treatment with EMP ELF and an aqueous solution of the “Vitaplan” bio-preparation. The effective parameters of such a treatment for apples and pears are represented
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05.20.01 Technologies and means of mechanization of agriculture (technical sciences)
DescriptionAs a result of the analysis of the scientific question, there is a steady trend of growth in food consumption, especially of plant origin. To this issue, it is also necessary to add the provision of food security of the country and the exclusion of dependence on foreign producers. Thus, before science and production is a serious question of a significant increase in the production of crop products with a slight increase in the cost of these types of work and the main thing is to ensure the preservation of soil fertility. This can be achieved by reducing the use of chemical means of protection, less intensive impact on the treated environment by the running systems of power facilities and the working bodies of machines, but in compliance with the primary requirements for the treated surface. The proposed design of a horizontally arranged spherical disk working body can be used in various tillage machines for shallow and surface tillage. The design of the working body allows reducing the passes of the unit to perform the necessary agricultural requirements for equalization and ridges of the soil. And these indicators have a significant impact on the quality of sowing, which will necessarily affect the yield in the end. Comparative studies of the proposed working body and the same devices used in production show a clear advantage of the new scheme
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RESEARCH INFLUENCE OF BOUNDARY CONDITIONS ON THE MOVE OF CFA PILE UNDER STATIC LOADS
DescriptionThe article discusses the influence of boundary conditions on the numerical results of displacement CFA piles under static loads. Comparative evaluation of the results of calculation of single movements of CFA piles to the extent of the computational domain, the number of grid points, FEM convergence criterion calculation has been presented. The recommendations on the appointment of the size of the computational domain in the vertical and horizontal direction, the number of grid points, FEM numerical value and choice to apply the criteria of convergence have been listed. On the example of calculating the movements of a single CFA piles we have chosen the parameters of the numerical model, eliminating the influence of boundary conditions on the results of the calculation
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05.20.01 Technologies and means of mechanization of agriculture (technical sciences)
DescriptionThe urgent task facing the agro-industrial complex is the improvement of storage methods for agricultural products and the development of new ones. One of the actively cultivated crops, characterized by a variety of species, valuable taste and medicinal properties – grape. It is possible to provide the population with fresh grapes of high quality through the introduction of effective storage technologies that reduce losses, preserve marketable properties and biological value. One of the effective ways to preserve the quality of grapes during storage is the use of sulfur dioxide (SO2). This gas inhibits oxidative enzymes in berries, thereby reducing the rate of development of the phytopathogen Botrýtis cinérea, which causes gray rot. At the same time, it is especially important to control the rate of release of sulfur dioxide, since at the beginning of storage it is necessary to ensure the receipt of a large amount of it, which will eliminate Botrytis spores present on the surface of the berries and stabilize the existing damage. Further, during the entire period of storage of grapes, sulfur dioxide must be supplied in minimal quantities. Such dynamics of SO2 emission can be ensured by the use of two-phase generators of sulfur dioxide. The article investigated the effects of sulfur dioxide generators on the quality of grapes during storage. The study also investigates quality indicators of grapes of several varieties zoned in the Krasnodar region under long-term storage
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Description
Technologies of fruits storing known at the present time, solving actual problems – slowing down biochemical processes, inhibiting ethylene synthesis, do not provide fully the preservation of quality of fruits due to not taking into consideration the peculiarities of microflora of fruits and microbiological processes, taking place during storage. Purpose of the research: investigation of influence of complex treatment of fruits with electromagnetic fields of extremely low frequency (ELF EMF) and the biopreparation “Vitaplan” on changing of losses of biologically active substances in the process of longterm storage. Objects of the research: apples of the Idared variety and pears of the Conference variety, regionalized in the Krasnodar region. Mass shares of the vitamin C and P-active substances were measured in the process of storing. ELF EMF treatment was conducted on an experimental installation. Fruits were exposed to the action of electromagnetic fields with specified parameters. Complex treatment of fruits (apples and pears) with ELF EMF and the biopreparation “Vitaplan” before dispatching for storage allows preserving the biologically active substances – the vitamin C and P-active substances – to the maximum degree. Synergetic effect, appearing due to the complex action of electromagnetic field and the bio-preparation, allows decreasing the processing time in the electromagnetic field
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STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF OZONE ON THE GROWTH PROCESSES OF MAIZE SEEDS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIncreasing the yield of crops is a global challenge substantiated by the scientists from all over the world. To achieve this goal, there are various ways, one of which is the ozonation of seeds before sowing. This method inhibits harmful microflora, which could be formed on the seed during the period of storage, and excites the chemical processes within the seed that can accelerate the process of growth. But despite the positive effect of ozone-air mixture of seeds and a variety of conducting research there is still no reliable data on the technological parameters of ozone effects on seed crops (e.g., corn). In this regard, we have conducted experimental studies to determine the effective parameters of the ozonation of corn seeds, such as the concentration of ozone in the ozone-air mixture, exposure time and binning after treatment. The influence of these parameters was assessed by changes in growth performance of seed, such as germination, germination and growth of strength. Just at the end of the pilot study we carried out a statistical analysis of the data, which allowed us to estimate the degree of influence of each independent parameter (ozone concentration, exposure time, binning after treatment) for each dependent parameter (germination energy, germination, growth force). The data obtained is presented in the article
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Description
In the article we consider the questions of ozone and air impact on pathogenic microflorastern of products when their production. Results of the statistical analysis allowing to determine optimum parameters of influence of ozone and air mixture at sterilization stern of products are also presented
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Description
The article, on a simple numerical example, deals with the application of the automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis) and its software tools - intellectual systems "Eidos" for the detection and investigation of determination of emergent macro preferences of systems in their composition and hierarchical structure, i.e. the sub-systems of various complexity levels (levels of the hierarchy). The article briefly discusses some of the methodological issues of creation and application of formal models in scientific knowledge. The system generalization of the principle of William Ross Ashby about the necessary diversity on the basis of the system of generalization of the theory of sets and systems theory, information, generalized formulation of the principle of Galileo-Einstein, the hypothesis about its relationship with the theorem of Emmy Noether are offered; and also there is a hypothesis "About the dependence of the force and direction of the relations between the basic elements of the system and its emergent properties as a whole, on the level of hierarchy in the system"
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RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE TREATMENT BEFORE STORAGE METHOD ON THE QUALITY OF CARROTS
05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe article presents the results of a study of the influence of the processing method before storage on the commercial quality of carrot roots during storage. The object of the research was carrot of the Abaco variety. Objects of study were stored for 21 days at + (25 ± 1) ° C and 56 days at + (2 ± 1) ° C. Roots were treated with extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF ELF) and Vitaplan biopreparation separately and in combination. As a result of the research, it was established that the complex treatment of EMF ELF and biopreparation allows increasing the yield of standard carrot products compared to the control: 11.8% at storage temperature + (2 ± 1) ° C, 24.1% at storage temperature + (25 ± 1) ° C. A reduction in the total losses of carrots, treated with complex EMF ELF and biological product, was found by 5.8% at storage temperature + (2 ± 1) ° C and by 12.4% at storage temperature + (25 ± 1) ° C
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STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTRICAL OZONATION TO SEED GERMINATION
DescriptionThis article presents the issues related to the application of electrical ozonation to enhance seed germination. The calculations confirming the theoretical conclusions were made